Recent Advances in Imaging for Lung Cancer
Kishan J. Pandya, Julie R. Brahmer, Manuel Hidalgo in Lung Cancer, 2016
Advances in endoluminal US technology have led to the development of endoscopic US gastroscope (EUS) and EBUS bronchoscope, whereby lymph nodes can be aspirated through either the esophageal wall or the airway. Both techniques allow for a real-time fine needle aspiration (FNA) and have the advantage of the real-time Doppler facility to exclude intervening blood vessels immediately prior to lymph-node aspiration. Both techniques are performed on an outpatient basis under conscious sedation with Medazolam and Fentanyl. EUS allows an easy access to inferoposterior mediastinum (stations L4, 5, 7, 8, and 9), whereas EBUS gives an access to hilar stations 10 and 11 and to the mediastinal lymph-node stations 2, 3, 4, and 7 (74). EUS, in the staging of mediastinal lymph-adenopathy, carries a sensitivity approaching 90% (75).
Anesthesia for in vitro fertilization
David K. Gardner, Ariel Weissman, Colin M. Howles, Zeev Shoham in Textbook of Assisted Reproductive Techniques, 2017
Conscious sedation allows patient cooperation to be maintained and the procedure to be conveniently performed in the outpatient setting. With this technique, patient consciousness is minimally depressed, and the patient is able to respond to verbal commands and cooperate (15), while receiving appropriate analgesia and eventually amnesia, with a patent airway throughout the surgical process. As written above, conscious sedation remains the most commonly used method of providing analgesia and anesthesia during transvaginal oocyte retrieval (14,16). By comparison, 16% of U.K. clinics use general anesthesia for IVF procedures (13,17).
Malignant Neoplasms of the Colon
Philip H. Gordon, Santhat Nivatvongs, Lee E. Smith, Scott Thorn Barrows, Carla Gunn, Gregory Blew, David Ehlert, Craig Kiefer, Kim Martens in Neoplasms of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus, 2007
Although it is not mandatory, it is probably best that stents be placed under endoscopic guidance with the aid of fluoroscopy. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics is probably wise. The procedure is conducted under conscious sedation. A catheter over a guide wire is advanced through the lesion. Contrast is injected into the proximal lumen. Once deployed, the stents expand and become incorporated into the surrounding tissue by pressure necrosis thus anchoring the stent. Post procedure plain abdominal x-rays are obtained for 3 or 4 days.
Effects of dexmedetomidine infusion during spinal anesthesia on hemodynamics and sedation
Published in Libyan Journal of Medicine, 2018
Ebru Tarıkçı Kılıç, Gaye Aydın
Thus, today, low-risk regional anesthesia techniques are widely preferred in the treatment of local lesions in various parts of the body because the techniques are easy to perform, their effects last for shorter periods of time, they minimize the anxiety of the patient, and sufficient anesthesia is adminstered in the surgical field. Conscious sedation is a technique during which the patient cooperates and is able to follow the commands, even if they may be slightly obtunded; however, the patient does not realize the incidents during surgery and postoperatively while the sensory and motor functions are preserved. Administering sedation through local procedures for diagnostic and treatment purposes is recommended both to facilitate surgery at the surgeon’s end and to ensure the patient’s comfort [1,2].
Establishment of a scoring system for predicting the difficulty level of high-intensity focussed ultrasound ablation of uterine fibroids
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2018
Zhongqiong Liu, Chunmei Gong, Yunchang Liu, Lian Zhang
HIFU ablation was performed using an USgHIFU tumour therapeutic system (JC200, Chongqing Haifu Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing, China). This system is equipped with a therapeutic focussed ultrasound transducer 20 cm in diameter and a B mode ultrasound diagnostic probe sits at the centre of the therapeutic transducer to monitor the ablation process. The patients were positioned prone on the HIFU table, with the anterior abdominal wall placed in contact with the degassed water. The HIFU ablation procedure was performed under intravenous conscious sedation. The aim of conscious sedation was to relieve pain or discomfort during treatment. All patients remained conscious, and vital signs included respiration, oxygen saturation, heart rate and blood pressure were monitored during the procedure.
A retrospective cohort study of factors influencing long procedure times in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021
Kazuya Miyaguchi, Tomoaki Tashima, Rie Terada, Ryuhei Jinushi, Yuya Nakano, Hiromune Katsuda, Tomoya Ogawa, Akashi Fujita, Yuki Tanisaka, Masafumi Mizuide, Yumi Mashimo, Hidetomo Nakamoto, Tomonori Kawasaki, Hiroyuki Imaeda, Shomei Ryozawa
MoviPrep (EA Pharma Co., Tokyo, Japan) was used as the pretreatment agent. Either scopolamine butylbromide (10 mg) or glucagon (0.5 mg) and midazolam (1–4 mg) were used for conscious sedation. ESDs were performed using therapeutic single-channel colonoscopes (PCF 260 J, and 290ZI; Olympus Co., Tokyo, Japan) with a transparent attachment cap (D-201-13404; Olympus) and a high-frequency generator (VIO300D; EndoCut I, effect 2, duration 4, interval 1; Erbe Elektromedizin, Tübingen, Germany) with carbon dioxide insufflation. Subsequently, after a local injection of sodium hyaluronate solution, an initial mucosal incision and submucosal dissection were performed using a Dual Knife J 1.5 mm (KD655-L; Olympus). Hemostasis for procedural bleeding was attempted using hemostatic forceps (FD-410LR; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) in the soft coagulation mode (effect 4, 70 W). The S–O clip was used as the traction device (Zeon Medical, Tokyo, Japan) (Figure 3) [8]. The timing of traction use was after a full circumferential incision in all cases. The S–O clip was used for cases of fibrosis or large lesions, and when the knife was perpendicular to the muscle layer.