Mycoses
Aimilios Lallas, Enzo Errichetti, Dimitrios Ioannides in Dermoscopy in General Dermatology, 2018
Tinea corporis is a superficial infection of glabrous skin by fungi. The clinical manifestations result from the invasion and proliferation of fungi in the stratum corneum. By definition, it includes lesions of the trunk and limbs, excluding specialized sites such as the scalp (tinea capitis), feet (tinea pedis), and groins (tinea cruris).1–3 Fungal infections on the dorsal aspect of the hand have a clinical presentation similar to tinea corporis. However, infection of the palm and interdigital spaces has distinct characteristics and is referred to as tinea manuum.1 In different parts of the world, different species cause tinea corporis. Diagnosis is mainly made by clinical appearance and in more difficult cases can be confirmed by direct microscopy and culture of skin scrapings.
Dermoscopy in General Dermatology
Ashfaq A Marghoob, Ralph Braun, Natalia Jaimes in Atlas of Dermoscopy, 2023
Tinea corporis (TC) is a superficial fungal infection caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum or Microsporum canis, which are the most common28. Diagnosis of TC is clinical and supported by a positive KOH examination and culture. Clinically, TC appears with annular erythematous lesions spreading centrifugally with a scaly elevated border (Figure 12a.9a). Dermoscopic examination shows an erythematous background with yellowish scales and crusts due to vesicle rupture without a specific vascular pattern.29 Hairless skin generally requires only topical treatment. A recent study demonstrated that dermoscopy can guide the treatment of TN on glabrous skin that is resistant to topical antifungal therapy by showing the involvement of vellus hairs.30 The presence of multiple small brown spots surrounded by a white-yellowish halo is suggestive of fungal invasion of the hair follicle.31,32 (Figure 12a.9 b). Therefore, dermoscopy may help in the therapeutic management of TN.
Superficial and Mucosal Fungal Infections
Johan A. Maertens, Kieren A. Marr in Diagnosis of Fungal Infections, 2007
Tinea corporis is a very common disease worldwide, but especially among patients living in warm and humid climates (Fig. 4A-C). The infections occur in patients of all ages and with no particular predisposition according to sex, race, or ethnicity. Patients with significant underlying disorders affecting immune function including diabetes mellitus, HIV, and those receiving immunosuppressive agents are predisposed to this infection (28). Other risk factors include outdoor activity and animal husbandry. Trichophyton rubrum is the most common pathogen causing tinea corporis, although T. tonsurans, T. mentagrophytes, and M. canis can be associated with this disorder.
Fenticonazole nitrate loaded trans-novasomes for effective management of tinea corporis: design characterization, in silico study, and exploratory clinical appraisal
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Rofida Albash, Maha H. Ragaie, Mahmoud A. El Hassab, Radwan El-Haggar, Wagdy M. Eldehna, Sara T. Al-Rashood, Shaimaa Mosallam
Fungal diseases are becoming more common these days. They have greater toxic side effects encountered with traditional systemic therapy (Kumar et al., 2014). Tinea corporis, also known as ringworm, is a dermatophytosis (superficial fungal infection especially on the skin) (Merad et al., 2021). The therapeutic efficacy of medication applied topically is mainly determined by its capability to enter and penetrate the skin. Thereby, the development of an innovative drug delivery system will produce better outcomes owing to passing the stratum corneum (SC) and targeting the site of infection (Mosallam et al., 2021a). Fenticonazole nitrate (FTN) is an antifungal agent that belongs to imidazoles. It works by blocking ergosterol production and therefore damaging the cell membrane (Campos et al., 2018). FTN has both fungistatic and fungicidal properties against yeasts, fungi, and dermatophytes. It also inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria (Jung et al., 1988). Hence, FTN is thought to be a promising topical agent for treating skin fungal infections. Unfortunately, the low aqueous solubility of FTN (<0.10 mg/mL) (Albash et al., 2020) arouses the need for designing a new vesicular system to deliver FTN effectively and compel cure of fungal infections.
The association of isoconazole–diflucortolone in the treatment of pediatric tinea corporis
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
Stefano Veraldi, Rossana Schianchi, Paolo Pontini, Alberto Gorani
Tinea corporis is a common mycotic infection in children. Transmission is due to contacts with animals, humans, and soil. Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Microsporum gypseum are the species more frequently involved. Latency time ranges from one to three weeks. The face and upper limbs are usually involved. Tinea corporis presents with a single round or oval erythematous lesion, with scales in the center and well defined, vescicular borders. Pruritus is usually mild to moderate (1). Staphylococcus aureus superinfections may be observed in atopic children suffering from severe pruritus and consequent scratching. We present the results of a sponsor-free study about the use of the topical association isoconazole–diflucortolone in children with tinea corporis.
Development of a new synthetic xerogel nanoparticles of silver and zinc oxide against causative agents of dermatophytoses
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Ali Abdul Hussein S. Al-Janabi, Abass M. Bashi
Dermatophytes were isolated from a male (5 years) with tinea corporis who was admitted in Al-Ammam Al-Hussein general teaching hospital of Karbala province in July 2014. Specimen of skin scales was cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar with 50 mg/L of chloramphenicol and incubated at 28 °C for 1–4 weeks. Grown colonies were primarily diagnosed as dermatophytes based on morphological characters of colonies, conidia, and hypha (17,18). Molecular characters confirmed the diagnostic species. Fungal genomic DNA was extracted by harvesting 1-week-old grown mycelium. DNA extraction was performed according to the spin column method using EZ-10 spin column fungal genomic DNA mini-preps kit (Bio Basic Inc., Canada). Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified with primer pairs (ITS1 and ITS4) mentioned by White et al. (19). PCR amplification was carried out in aqueous volumes of 25 µl using Taq polymerase enzyme. The reaction contained 11.51 µl of 1X Master PCR mix (0.06 µl Taq (5 U/µl), 0.5 mM of each of dNTP, 1.25 µl buffer, 7.5 µl ddH2O, 0.25 µl of each primer (10 µM), 0.7 µl dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 1.0 µl of template DNA.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Fungal Infection
- Rash
- Tinea Barbae
- Tinea Capitis
- Tinea Cruris
- Dermatophytosis
- Infection
- Dermatophyte
- Glabrousness
- Itch