Thrombophlebitis/Superficial Vein Thrombosis
Charles Theisler in Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Thrombophlebitis is an inflammation of a superficial vein wall causing a clot, or thrombus formation. Most cases of superficial vein thrombosis occur in the legs (e.g., long or short saphenous veins) in association with varicosities. In the upper extremity, the condition can develop after use of an IV line or other trauma to the vein wall. Pain, warmth, swelling, and tenderness are often present over the clot site. Superficial thrombophlebitis is generally a benign and short-term condition. Symptoms typically resolve in one to two weeks.1 Most times, treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis is directed to managing pain and inflammation.2
Vascular
Michael Gaunt, Tjun Tang, Stewart Walsh in General Surgery Outpatient Decisions, 2018
For those patients who have undergone EVLA, VNUS® or sclerotherapy, late com plications include local skin ulceration due to extravasation of sclerosant (slow to heal but no specific treatment). Superficial thrombophlebitis is caused by a clot in the vein due to inadequate compression. The clot can be aspirated under local anaesthetic. If there is an allergic skin rash to the bandage put a cotton stocking under the bandage. Nerve damage is usually transitory. Skin staining mostly fades with time.
Venous Thrombosis
Hau C. Kwaan, Meyer M. Samama in Clinical Thrombosis, 2019
The clinical manifestations of superficial thrombophlebitis include tenderness, erythema, and/or a palpable thrombus or “cord”. Superficial thrombophlebitis frequently occurs in varicosities or may be associated with long-term indwelling catheters, repeated intermittent intravenous injection (e.g., in intravenous drug abusers), or with a clinically evident systemic illness (such as systemic lupus erythematosis, malignancy, or vasculitis).
The availability of new drugs for hemophilia treatment
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
Massimo Morfini, Emanuela Marchesini
Phase 1 study (Explorer 1) was conducted in patients with severe hemophilia A and B and healthy volunteers. The study was a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, dose-escalation trial. In each dose cohort, trial participants were randomized 3:1 to receive a single dose of Concizumab (n = 3) or placebo (n = 1). Following drug administration, patients were seen regularly, and samples were collected for pharmacokinetic (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety assessments. Fifty-two subjects (28 healthy male volunteers and 24 hemophilia patients, 21 with hemophilia A and 3 with hemophilia B) were enrolled and randomized to treatment or placebo. During the trial, there were no reports of serious adverse events (SAEs). Five of the other reported AEs were possibly or probably treatment-related, including two in the placebo group and three in the Concizumab group. The latter included a single episode of a short segment of superficial thrombophlebitis in a healthy volunteer. Concizumab was detected in plasma up to 43 days after dosing. There were no differences in the PK profiles between healthy volunteers and hemophilia subjects. A dose-dependent pro-coagulant response as assessed by D-dimer and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 levels was seen. The steepest increase was observed in healthy volunteers following IV administration. Importantly, hemophilia patients showed similar D-dimer responses compared with healthy volunteers when they received an approximately 36-fold higher dose of Concizumab [67].
Venous thromboembolism in plastic surgery: the current state of evidence in risk assessment and chemoprophylactic options
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2019
Kenneth L. Fan, Cara K. Black, Olivia Abbate, Karen Lu, Rachel C. Camden, Karen K. Evans
Davison et al. first adapted this stratification system for the plastic surgery patient, dividing risk factors into two groups (exposing and predisposing risk factors) and patients into four groups (low risk, moderate risk, high risk or highest risk) [11,12]. Seruya et al. demonstrated in a single surgeon experience heparin (low-dose unfractionated heparin [LDUH] and low-molecular-weight heparin [LMWH]) plus mechanical prophylaxis conferred a statistically significant reduction in VTE among the highest-risk patients without an increase in bleeding events compared to mechanical prophylaxis alone [12]. The first Caprini RAM scoring system was developed in the 1990s. The Caprini RAM was subsequently updated in 2005 and 2010 with the 2005 version as the most widely used. The 2010 version is slightly different than the 2005 version in that the factors of operative time, body mass index and the presence of malignancy are weighted differently in the total risk score. Additionally, the consideration of superficial thrombophlebitis was added to the scoring system.
Behçet’s disease; A rare refractory patient with vena cava superior syndrome treated with infliximab: a case report and review of the literature
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2019
Oguz Abdullah Uyaroglu, Abdulsamet Erden, Levent Kilic, Bora Peynircioğlu, Omer Karadag, Umut Kalyoncu
The main predictors of mortality and morbidity in BD are vascular manifestations. Vascular involvement varies from 1.8 to 51.6% of BD patients according to the ethnicity of the population [10]. BD is also classified among vasculitis but it differs from others because of affecting all types and sizes of blood vessels [11]. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and superficial thrombophlebitis are the most frequent manifestations of major vascular involvement in BD [12]. Inferior or superior vena cava, hepatic veins, cerebral venous sinuses, and the right side of the heart are common places of venous involvement. Arterial lesions are usually aneurysms or occlusions/stenosis [13].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Fondaparinux
- Inflammation
- Septic Thrombophlebitis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Erythema
- Thrombosis
- Skin Condition
- Trousseau Sign of Malignancy
- Venous Thrombosis