Photodamaged and aged skin
Giuseppe Micali, Francesco Lacarrubba in Dermatoscopy in Clinical Practice, 2018
Dermatoscopy can be useful for examining dermatoglyphics in different skin sites across the body to investigate the appearance of glyphics. A dermatoscopic examination of regional skin sites from a single individual clearly shows differences in the appearance of skin glyphics (Figure 32.2). Skin regions that would be considered photoprotected, such as the upper leg (thigh) and abdomen, show distinct glyphic patterns with polygonal forms forming the expected plateaus and furrows across the skin surface. In the same individual, regions of skin that would be expected to be exposed to some sun exposure, such as the upper dorsal arm and dorsal hand, present with less distinct polygonal forms and less defined plateaus and furrows. In contrast, photoexposed regions of skin, such as the cheek and lower outer leg, clearly show a loss of dermatoglyphic patterns of the skin; the primary lines of the polygonal forms appear deeper and wider, and the secondary lines appear flatter and may even disappear from the skin. In regions of the skin that may receive the most sun exposure, such as the cheeks, the glyphics are absent.
Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening for Aneuploidy
Vincenzo Berghella in Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Approximately 95% of concept uses with trisomy 18 die in embryonic or fetal life. Five to ten percent of affected children born alive survive beyond the first year of life. In utero, there are decreased fetal movements. Clinical findings the parents should be informed about include severe psychomotor and growth delay, microcephaly, microphthalmia, malformed ears, micrognathia or retrognathia, microstomia, distinctively clenched fingers, rocker-bottom feet, and other congenital malformations. CHD occurs in 90%, with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and polyvalvular heart disease (pulmonary and aortic valve defects) common. Renal anomalies and GI and brain malformations are common. Classical dermatoglyphics with digital arch patterns on finger and toe tips and distal palmar triradius with hypoplastic finger tips and small nails. Central apnea is a frequent cause of death, along with cardiac, CNS, and renal malformations [62].
Infections and infestations affecting the nail
Eckart Haneke in Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFM) is a relatively common viral infection. Most cases are due to Coxsackie A16 but other enterovirus types may also cause the same disease. Whether some specific types cause a more severe infection is not yet clear. Clinically, there are small blisters on the palms and soles, the long axis of which is arranged parallel to the dermatoglyphics. Similar vesicles with a grayish blister roof and a narrow red margin occur around the nails. The oral lesions of small aphthoid ulcers are similar to those of herpangina, but their distribution is different. The disease occurs in small outbreaks mainly in spring and autumn. Roughly 6 weeks after the vesicular rash, an onychomadesis may be seen in several nails.57
Sex differences in frequencies of dermatoglyphic patterns by individual fingers
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2019
Miroslav Králík, Lenka Polcerová, Martin Čuta
Preliminary searching for the keyword ‘dermatoglyphics’ (January 4th, 2018) using the portal Science Direct found 1970 relevant results. Accessible resources were limited mainly to the last 30 or 40 years, while the majority of those published before the year 1990 and earlier, in the ‘pre-electronic era’, were difficult to reach. Prior to the year 1990, two dermatoglyphic bibliographies by Mavalwala (1977) and Figueiras (1993) included 3496 and 2296 dermatoglyphic publications, respectively. Since dermatoglyphics developed and boomed for more than a century, the majority of substantial results were not available by simply searching in present-day full-text electronic portals. This is true to an even greater extent for papers written in non-English languages and so called grey literature. Therefore, as a primary source of material we used the Archive of our institution where many dermatoglyphic papers in printed version and separate printouts were available from collections and mail exchange of our esteemed professors. In parallel, we also searched for the key word ‘dermatoglyphics’ in full-text scientific portals—Wiley Online Library, NCBI, JSTOR, and Research Gate. We continually built the source database, adding new resources and checking them for selection criteria (see below) appropriate for our meta-analysis.
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