Dental Disease, Inflammation, Cardiovascular Disease, Nutrition and Nutritional Supplements
Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston in Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
Traditionally, periodontal disease has been diagnosed by increases in pocket depth, bleeding gums and bone loss around the teeth leading to clinical attachment loss. Today, the same information is utilized to determine if the disease is and has been present; however, dentists are using the presence of gingival bleeding (bleeding on probing) to determine if the disease is active or stable. The presence of a periodontal pocket (4 mm or greater) is not indicative of active disease, especially when bleeding is not identified on probing. Radiographic evidence of bone loss associated with the teeth indicates prior disease, but it is the presence of bleeding on probing that determines disease activity and the presence of inflammation or in the case of zero bleeding on probing disease stability. When inflammation is identified, it signifies that there has been a histological alteration and bleeding on probing is a result of that change. Dental practitioners recognize that bleeding on probing and gingival inflammation can also be initiated by other systemic issues as well such as caries, failing restorative dentistry, herbals taken in supplement form and other factors. These other initiators of bleeding on probing need to be taken into consideration during the formulation of the diagnosis.
Nutraceuticals for Maternal and Offspring’s Dental Health
Priyanka Bhatt, Maryam Sadat Miraghajani, Sarvadaman Pathak, Yashwant Pathak in Nutraceuticals for Prenatal, Maternal and Offspring’s Nutritional Health, 2019
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation induced by bacterial infection which affects the supporting structures of teeth (e.g. gums). Periodontitis is then characterized by periodontal clinical attachment loss and alveolar bone loss, which can subsequently lead to tooth loss (Krasse et al. 2006a). Gingivitis is a mild inflammation of the gingivae and tends to result in redness, swelling, and bleeding (Krasse et al. 2006).
Clinical and biological indicators of periodontal disease in obese and non-obese adults with and without bronchial asthma
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2022
Bader Ikbariyeh, Rola Al Habashneh, Basheer Khassawneh, Mohammad Alrawashdeh, Lina Elsalem, Jowan Al-Nusair
Periodontitis is a major public health problem. It’s a disease affecting the supporting tissues of teeth leading to loss of periodontal tissue support and alveolar bone loss described as clinical attachment loss. Periodontitis is a disease of multifactorial nature involving an interaction between microbial challenge, host inflammatory and immune responses, and environmental modifying factors (1,2). Also it might negatively affect the quality of life being implicated in tooth loss, chewing difficulties, and esthetic problems as well as the need for huge dental care costs (2). Periodontal disease is closely associated with other chronic systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, and adverse pregnancy outcomes (3–5).
Behavioural interventions that have the potential to improve self-care in adults with periodontitis: a systematic review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Mirkka Järvinen, Minna Stolt, Eino Honkala, Helena Leino-Kilpi, Marja Pöllänen
Periodontal health is an important aspect of health, as severe periodontitis can lead to the loss of otherwise healthy teeth [1,2] and may also have consequences for health on a general level [3,4]. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and essential elements of the treatment are professional scaling and polishing and patients own oral self-care. A lifelong regimen of good oral self-care and professional maintenance care is required to control periodontal bone loss and to maintain the affected teeth. The effectiveness of patient self-care for the prevention of periodontitis and for maintaining a satisfactory oral hygiene status has been demonstrated in many studies and reviews [5–9]. Still, periodontitis is a common disease among people in industrialized societies [1,10,11], and the worldwide burden of periodontitis shows no decrease over a 20 years perspective from 1990 to 2010 [12]. Striking is that both the incidence and prevalence of severe periodontitis (clinical attachment loss >5 mm) increases rapidly already in the 20–30 years olds [12]. Therefore, effective methods supporting periodontal treatment and improving oral self-care should be evaluated and implemented.
Possible association of periodontal disease with oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2020
Adriana Colonia-García, Mariana Gutiérrez-Vélez, Andrés Duque-Duque, Cleverton Roberto de Andrade
For periodontal disease, it is necessary to adopt standard clinical parameters to define its extension, severity, and longitudinal progression of clinical attachment loss to establish a correlation with OC and OPMDs. OC research should follow the guidelines of the newest classification of periodontal disease by stages and grades [15]. The literature suggests that OC is more associated with periodontal disease than with gingivitis [13,24,29]. However, these results should be interpreted with caution since some of the studies use tooth loss as an indicator of periodontal disease [36]. Several studies have shown that tobacco use and alcohol intake are two major risk factors for OSCC and OPSCC [22,37,38]. Nonetheless, other aspects such as poor oral hygiene, increased BOP, RBL, periodontal status, oral mucosa lesions, missing teeth, decayed teeth, filled teeth, alimentary habits, ill-fitting prosthesis, and betel nut chewing also play a significant role in the development of OC [13,22,24,39].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Crown Lengthening
- Junctional Epithelium
- Cementum
- Periodontal Disease
- Periodontal Fiber
- Gums
- Glossary of Dentistry
- Gingival Fibers