Granulation of Plant Products and Nutraceuticals
Dilip M. Parikh in Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
A dietary supplementis a product (other than tobacco) that is intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other botanical, an amino acid, a dietary substance for use by man to supplement the diet by increasing the total daily intake, or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combinations of these ingredients.is intended for ingestion in pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid formis not represented for use as a conventional food or as the sole item of a meal or diet.is labeled as a “dietary supplement.”It does not claim any specific ailment treatmenta dietary substance for use by a person to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake; or a concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any ingredient
Key Dietary Supplements: Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Vitamin D, and Probiotics
Hilary McClafferty in Integrative Pediatrics, 2017
“A dietary supplement is a product intended for ingestion that contains a ‘dietary ingredient’ intended to add further nutritional value to (supplement) the diet. A ‘dietary ingredient’ may be one, or any combination, of the following substances: A vitaminA mineralAn herb or other botanicalAn amino acidA dietary substance for use by people to supplement the diet by increasing total dietary intakeA concentrate, metabolite, constituent, or extract
Supplements
David Lightsey in The Myths about Nutrition Science, 2019
Americans spend over $20 billion annually on dietary supplements. Although supplements are regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, there is no requirement for supplement manufacturers to demonstrate efficacy or safety of their products prior to marketing them. However, companies may not include unapproved ingredients. It turns out that even this minimal requirement is not fulfilled. Harel et al identified 237 dietary supplements that were recalled by the FDA owing to inclusion of unapproved drug ingredients. Given the limited regulation of these products, it is likely that the number of recalls grossly underestimates the number of products on sale with unapproved ingredients. Dietary supplements should be treated with the same rigor as pharmaceutical drugs and with the same goal: to protect consumer health.
A counterfeit multivitamin product inducing severe bleeding disorders in humans
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Lina Peña–Acevedo, Andres F. Zuluaga, Alexander Aristizabal–Solis
A dietary supplement is a product that contains one or more non active ingredients including vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids and certain other substances [1]. Usually dietary supplements are over-the-counter products with minimal regulations, so mislabelling is common and may contain undeclared ingredients. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) presented a working definition. Counterfeit medical products are ‘medical products that deliberately/fraudulently misrepresent their identity, composition or source’ [2] and contain pharmaceutical ingredients or toxic substances that may lead to avoidable morbidity and mortality [3]. There is no definition for this type of health harm caused due to exposure to a fraudulent product, neither a method to rate the severity of the damage to health. For this reason we use adverse event definition and classification proposed for NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 [4]. In view of its characteristics, including 24- hour-a-day/7-day-a-week coverage and specially trained staff, a poison control center has the capability to identify, analyze data and report incidents of potential public health significance on a real-time basis as a surveillance tool and to enhance public health reporting [5].
Dietary Supplement Use after Cancer Diagnosis in Relation to Total Mortality, Cancer Mortality and Recurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Afroditi Kanellopoulou, Eleni Riza, Evangelia Samoli, Vassiliki Benetou
Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCT) in order to disentangle the relationship between dietary supplement use after cancer diagnosis and the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality as well as recurrence of the disease among survivors of all cancer sites. A dietary supplement was defined as a product taken by mouth that contains one or more dietary ingredients, specifically vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbs or botanicals, as well as other substances that can be used to supplement the diet (40). Based on the existence of a plausible biological mechanism through which a dietary ingredient could prevent or delay carcinogenesis and the frequency of consumption among cancer survivors, we focused our study on selected dietary supplements which contain at least one type of specific antioxidant (vitamin E and alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene, selenium, vitamins A and C, zinc), calcium, and vitamin D, while we also investigated multivitamins (with or without minerals).
Use of Molecular Methods to Authenticate Animal Species and Tissue in Bovine Liver Dietary Supplements
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2022
Olive J. Dahm, Georgia L. Sampson, Anthony J. Silva, Rosalee S. Hellberg
Dietary supplements are intended to supplement the diet with ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbs or botanicals (FDA 2018). However, factors such as a lack of proper Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), ingredient substitution or removal, and unscrupulous ingredient sourcing can lead to supplement adulteration (Brown 2017). Under the Food Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act, dietary supplements are a category of food with labeling regulations and registry reporting system separate from food and drugs (FDA 2018). Intentional adulteration in dietary supplements typically involves acts such as the use of ingredients that are not listed on the label to enhance claimed biologic or metabolic effectiveness; substitution of declared ingredients with cheaper alternatives; and/or use of unapproved non-dietary ingredients (NDIs) (Brown 2017). Previous market surveys on the contents of dietary supplements have reported mislabeling rates of 25% for shark cartilage pills (Hellberg et al. 2019), 42% for probiotic supplements (Morovic et al. 2016), and 58% for botanicals (Newmaster et al. 2013). These studies have reported instances of species substitution, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa) substituted for elderberry (Sambucus nigra) (Newmaster et al. 2013) and winter skate (Leucoraja ocellata) substituted for shark species (Hellberg et al. 2019), as well as probiotics that don’t meet label claim or detection thresholds for strains listed on the label (Morovic et al. 2016).
Related Knowledge Centers
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