Glycerine in Creams, Lotions, and Hair Care Products
Eric Jungermann, Norman O.V. Sonntag in Glycerine, 2018
Just discussed were formulations relating to definitive and newly perceived end-use applications. By contrast the calcium lactate-glycerine adduct may be a chemical just waiting for the end-use inspiration to materialize [59]. To prepare the adduct, 30.8 g of calcium lactate are mixed with 92.0 g of glycerine and refluxed in methanol. Cooling and mixing with acetone yields the crystals which are filtered off. The starting calcium lactate has five water molecules which are obviously replaced by the glycerine. Presumably the final compound has special miscibility and penetration properties originating from glycerine’s carbon backbone. The special interface that glycerine occupies between water and organic materials is again evident in this work. Formulation work in hair, skin and nails would all be very interesting with this adduct, which presumably has astringent as well as highly moisturizing properties. (Readers must of course recognize its proprietary nature and work under license if applicable.)
In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer
Asim Kurjak in Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
Every week entirely new media should be prepared. Commercially available media are diluted with highly purified water (rate of resistance 10 to 18 M/cm). A precise quantity of calcium lactate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate, and penicillium is added. Osmolarity of medium should range between 275 and 280 mOsm/kg with pH between 7.3 and 7.5. Available media contain less potassium and magnesium and more calcium than liquid in the fallopian tubes.
Biochemistry of Buffering Capacity and Ingestion of Buffers In Exercise and Athletic Performance
Peter M. Tiidus, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paul J. LeBlanc, Andrea R. Josse in The Routledge Handbook on Biochemistry of Exercise, 2020
Only two studies have reported any side effects with acute lactate supplementation, with volunteers experiencing similar levels of belching and flatulence following 150 and 300 mg·kg−1BM of calcium lactate (85) and very low levels of sickness and stomach ache with 400 mg·kg−1BM (125). The associated side effects with lactate supplementation appear to be minor and unlikely to harm exercise performance.
Formulation development of paracetamol instant jelly for pediatric use
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Samah Hamed Almurisi, Abd Almonem Doolaanea, Muhammad Eid Akkawi, Bappaditya Chatterjee, Khater Ahmed Saeed Aljapairai, Md Zaidul Islam Sarker
Formulation (A) (Table 1) contained sorbitol, ι-carrageenan, citric acid, and sodium citrate was difficult to dissolve, and lumps were formed when the formulation was mixed directly in water at all ι-carrageenan concentrations. On the other hand, the results of Formulation (B), consisting of glycine, ι-carrageenan, and calcium lactate gluconate mixed with water were varied based on the concentrations of ι-carrageenan. The 1% w/v concentration produced a fluid-like jelly; 1.5 w/v produced jelly but still at a low viscosity that is not fully thickened while 2% w/v dispersed completely in the aqueous vehicle at less than 2 min and produced jelly with acceptable consistency and non-sticky texture. Hence, the optimized paracetamol instant jelly formulation that was prepared as a dry powder mixture contained paracetamol beads (equivalent to 200 mg), 5% w/v of glycine, 2% w/v of ι-carrageenan, and 0.1% w/v of calcium lactate gluconate. These outcomes might be attributed to the excipients used, glycine, which has an excellent wetting nature and has been used as disintegration accelerators in fast disintegrating formulations [24]. Calcium ions in calcium lactate gluconate were able to form intra-molecular bridges between the sulfate groups of the adjacent anhydro-d-galactose and d-galactose residues of ι-carrageenan. Moreover, the high water solubility and neutral taste of calcium lactate gluconate made it a more suitable excipient as a source of calcium ions than other calcium salts [25].
On the release of fluoride from biofilm reservoirs during a cariogenic challenge: an in situ study
Published in Biofouling, 2020
João G. S. Souza, Altair A. Del Bel Cury, Jaime A. Cury, Livia M. A. Tenuta
Sodium lactate (Sigma® L7022) and calcium lactate (Sigma® C8356) were prepared at a concentration of 150 mM (Vogel et al. 2006). F rinse was prepared using sodium fluoride (Merck ® 106449) at a concentration of 250 ppm fluoride (Souza et al. 2016). The treatments were used twice a day (in the morning, before the first sucrose exposure and at night, after the last sucrose exposure), 30 min after oral hygiene with non-fluoride toothpaste in order to reduce detergent concentration from toothpaste in the oral fluids which may affect calcium activity (Vogel et al. 2010). The first solution (15 ml) was placed in the mouth for a 1 min rinse and then expectorated, and immediately after the second solution was used as a rinse (15 ml), also for 1 min, and expectorated.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Calcium
- Chirality
- Enantiomer
- Hypocalcemia
- Racemic Mixture
- Lactic Acid
- Salt
- Ion
- Food Additive
- E Number