Angiogenesis and Roles of Adhesion Molecules in Psoriatic Disease
Siba P. Raychaudhuri, Smriti K. Raychaudhuri, Debasis Bagchi in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis, 2017
In the field of research related to the process of blood vessel formation, several terms are encountered frequently: angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, arteriogenesis, and vascular remodeling. Vasculogenesis is the process of de novo blood vessel assembly from unstructured precursors. It is common during embryonic development but is also known to happen postnatally. Angiogenesis, on the other hand, is the process of new vessel formation from preexisting vessels. The term arteriogenesis may be used to mean further development (after vasculogenesis or angiogenesis) of vessels through steps like stabilization, identity specification, and growth in diameter and wall thickness to become a mature vessel. However, arteriogenesis is sometimes also used in a narrower sense of development of collateral vessels in response to arterial occlusion.
Disease Prediction and Drug Development
Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam in Introduction to Computational Health Informatics, 2019
Programmed cell-death is the automated death of an inactive cell. There are two types of cell-death: apoptosis and autophagy. Apoptosis occurs due to the lack of survival-factors. Autophagy is a natural degradation that disassembles dysfunctional components. Cytoskeleton gives a cell its shape and facilitates its movement using protein fibers. Extracellular matrix pathways are involved in cell-binding, cell-migration, proliferation and differentiation. The extracellular matrix is made of proteoglycans, water, minerals and fibrous proteins. Proteoglycans have a protein core surrounded by long chains of glycosaminoglycans – a starch like molecule. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood-vessels. Epigenetic is the heritable changes caused by gene-expression variations with no change in genome sequence.
Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Angiogenesis in the Vascular System
Robert J. Gropler, David K. Glover, Albert J. Sinusas, Heinrich Taegtmeyer in Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging, 2007
Three patterns of new blood vessel formation have been identified to date. Embryonic vascular development is initiated by a process called vasculogenesis (2), and subsequent maturation and expansion of the embryonic vascular bed rely on angiogenesis and arteriogenesis (3). The extent to which vasculogenesis contributes to new vessel formation in adult organisms has not been established, but both angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are well-recognized modes of new vessel growth in the adult. New vessels grow in response to hypoxia, and inflammation in tumors, atherosclerotic plaques, and virtually all organs (4). Angiogenesis describes a process characterized by the formation of endothelial tubes that are stabilized by mural cells, i.e., pericytes, and arteriogenesis denotes the formation of larger diameter vessels with one or more layers of vascular smooth muscle cells (5). The cascade of events involved in angiogenesis is being studied by many groups and an ever increasing body of data contributes to our understanding of this process, arteriogenesis, however, is far less well studied and understood (4). Likewise, MRI strategies that aim to show new blood vessel growth have focused on imaging of angiogenic blood vessels, primarily in tumors (6). This chapter focuses primarily on angiogenesis imaging in the vascular system and will review the endothelial cells surface markers that have been targeted to date.
Promoting vascularization for tissue engineering constructs: current strategies focusing on HIF-regulating scaffolds
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2019
Tilman U. Esser, Kaveh Roshanbinfar, Felix B. Engel
The importance of the ferrous ion within the catalytic domain of PHDs is further illustrated by the fact that hydroxylase activity is highly sensitive to chelating agents. Deferoxamine (DFO) is an FDA-approved iron chelator used for the treatment of acute or chronic iron overload and thalassemia. It has gained further attention due to its ability to stabilize HIF-1α [112], making it an interesting candidate for inducing vascularization. Indeed, DFO administration has been shown to induce the expression of angiogenic factors and vessel formation [113,114], as well as other downstream HIF-targets [115]. Accordingly, a clinical trial to examine the efficacy of DFO for wound healing in diabetic patients has recently been registered (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03137966).
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities of Lophira procera A. Chev. (Ochnaceae) medicinal plant from Gabon
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2018
Rick-Leonid Ngoua-Meye-Misso, Cédric Sima-Obiang, Jean De La Croix Ndong, Joseph Privat Ondo, Felix Ovono Abessolo, Louis-Clément Obame-Engonga
Angiogenesis is a process of formation of new vessels from arterial vascularization created by endothelial cells. It is essential for the continuous growth of the tumor because it supplies the tumor with nutrients and oxygen, and eliminates cellular waste, which can be toxic to cancer cells [8]. Inflammatory cells and soluble factors are present in all tumors. Signs of “burning” inflammation that include tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and other wound healing characteristics are usually used by pathologists as morphological indices of invasive cancer. Recent evidence demonstrates that these stromal processes play a fundamental role in the development and progression of cancer and, at least in some cases, can predict the clinical behavior of cancer better than the characteristics of neoplastic cells themselves [9]. There are biomolecules present in plants that can neutralize ROS [10,11] , prevent inflammation and inhibit tumor angiogenesis [11,12] to finally kill the tumor cells. Also, the plants have been at the origin of many active molecules having shown their effectiveness in the treatment of different cancers, such as breast, ovary and lung treat taxol (paclitaxel) which comes from the bark of Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia).
Angio-Suppressive Effect of Partially Purified Lectin-like Protein from Musa acuminata pseudostem by Inhibition of VEGF-Mediated Neovascularization and Induces Apoptosis Both In Vitro and In Vivo
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2019
Balaji Kyathegowdanadoddi Srinivas, Madhu Chakkere Shivamadhu, Shankar Jayarama
Furthermore, angiogenesis plays one of the significant roles, in the tumor development. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from the preexisting one. The tumor growth and metastasis are well-connected with several angiogenic growth factors, nutrients, oxygen supply, and so on (3,4). Normal angiogenesis heavily depends on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its isoforms. VEGF plays a major role in the ascites fluid accretion and ascites tumor development. VEGF secretion in ascites fluid helps to develop the MVD in the preexisting blood vessel in an intraperitoneal cavity to stimulate ascites accretion and contribute to the tumor development (59). Supervision of MALP has expressively reduced the tumoral neovascularization and MVD in the intraperitoneal region of EAC tumor-bearing treated mice and also the rVEGF165 induced CAM assay help to prove the MALP, having an anti-angiogenic activity. This clearly shows that angiogenesis is closely linked to the MVD of the tissue and clinical assertiveness of a tumor (Fig. 6A–C, E), that directly affects the fluid accretion and tumor growth, which postulates the importance of VEGF in malignant ascites accumulation (60). Further study is the quantification of VEGF in ascites sample by ELISA that exhibits a substantial reduction of VEGF level in MALP treated group mice ascites when compared to the control group mice ascites, which provisions the anti-angiogenic activity of MALP (Fig. 6D).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Mesoderm
- Wound Healing
- Embryo
- Endothelium
- Circulatory System
- Blood Vessel
- Granulation Tissue
- Vasculogenesis
- Coalescent Angiogenesis
- Neovascularization