The Subtle Body
Marlysa Sullivan, Laurie C. Hyland Robertson in Understanding Yoga Therapy, 2020
The idea of an energy body can be a difficult, esoteric concept for clients to grasp, and I have found the following useful in explaining its significance. All of the systems of our bodies contribute to our level of vitality, or energy. When the cardiorespiratory system is working optimally all of the body’s tissues are oxygenated effectively, enhancing our vitality, or the amount of energy we have at our disposal. Similarly, when the gastrointestinal system is working optimally we absorb nutrients effectively, when the endocrine system is working well our hormone levels are balanced and regulated, and when the nervous system is working well we can sense the internal and external environment to assess what is arising and respond appropriately. Well-running systems enhance our sense of clarity and vitality and afford us access to deeper energetic reserves.
Aircrew medicals
Nicholas Green, Steven Gaydos, Hutchison Ewan, Edward Nicol in Handbook of Aviation and Space Medicine, 2019
Cardiorespiratory: Observe the precordium and look for the jugular venous pulse.Palpate the apex beat and auscultate over the cardiac valves and carotid areas.Observe, percuss and auscultate over the upper, middle and lower segments of the lungs anteriorly and posteriorly.Palpate the peripheral foot pulses and assess for dependant oedema and varicose veins.Where the applicant undertakes regular self-examination, self-reported findings may be accepted; if breast examination is performed, it should be clear that this is with appropriate consent.
Exercise, Activity in Cancer and Chronic Disease
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson in Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
One of the most common modes of exercise and activity in the chronic disease population is cardiorespiratory, or aerobic, exercise. Aerobic exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness and endurance. Systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of exercise or physical activity regimens in patients with cancer and other chronic conditions describe several studies that use aerobic exercise, or combined aerobic-mixed activity interventions,3,4,7,11 (e.g. walking, hydrotherapy, circuit training, self-reported physical activity) including such activities as yoga,12,13 tai chi,14,15 or boxing.16 These studies typically have moderate to vigorous levels of intensity, typically described as a percentage of predicted maximum heart rate or a range in the rate of perceived exertion scale (RPE), though parameters for frequency and/or duration were heterogeneous, ranging in frequency from one to five times per week, from approximately 20 to 60 minutes per session, with durations from a few weeks to over six months. Overall, while there were fewer studies examining lower intensity activities, these exercises and activities still demonstrated improvements in overall functioning over time, particularly if the patient populations were more deconditioned at the start of the exercise regimens or programs.
Cultural validation and language translation of the scientific SCI exercise guidelines for use in Indonesia, Japan, Korea, and Thailand
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2022
Yukio Mikami, Damayanti Tinduh, KunHo Lee, Chayaporn Chotiyarnwong, Jan W. van der Scheer, Kyung Su Jung, Hiroshi Shinohara, Inggar Narasinta, Seung Hyun Yoon, Napatpaphan Kanjanapanang, Takafumi Sakai, Martha K. Kusumawardhani, Jinho Park, Pannika Prachgosin, Futoshi Obata, Ditaruni Asrina Utami, Phairin Laohasinnarong, Indrayuni Lukitra Wardhani, Siraprapa Limprasert, Fumihiro Tajima, Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
Cardiorespiratory fitness refers to the capacity of the respiratory and circulatory systems to transport oxygen from the atmosphere to skeletal muscle mitochondria to perform physical activity.3, 10 In SCI research settings, cardiorespiratory fitness is typically measured as the maximum volume of oxygen consumed from the peak work rate achieved on an arm ergometer.6 Muscular strength refers to the amount of external force that a muscle can exert.3 In SCI research, muscular strength is typically measured as the maximum amount of weight a person can lift with a particular muscle group, or the maximum amount of force that can be exerted by a particular muscle group.6 Cardiometabolic disease refers to a spectrum of health conditions that begin with insulin resistance, progress to metabolic syndrome (characterized by high blood pressure, high fasting blood sugar, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and obesity), pre-diabetes, and finally to more severe conditions including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.4 Examples of cardiometabolic health and cardiometabolic disease indicators used in SCI research include fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, waist circumference, serum HDL cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting triglycerides.6
Improvements in health parameters of a diabetic and hypertensive patient with only 40 minutes of exercise per week: a case study
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2020
Camila Seguro, Ricardo Viana, Gislene Lima, Luan Galvão, Lucas Silva, Thiago Jardim, Paulo Jardim, Paulo Gentil
It is known that at ages 40–69 years, each 20-mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure or 10-mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure was associated with more than a doubling in the death rates of stroke, ischemic heart disease, or other vascular death [37]. Furthermore, a reduction in blood glucose from 145 mg/dL to 86 mg/dL may reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. In this sense, the reduction of baseline glycemia of the Patient is clinically favorable to its diagnosis [6]. Other clinically relevant factors were the improvement in quality of life (36.6%) and cardiorespiratory fitness of the Patient. Prevalence of mental health problems, including depression, cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus surpasses the values found in the general population [26]. Moreover, cardiorespiratory fitness improvement is associated with a lower risk of mortality from all causes of cardiovascular diseases [38].
Development of Cardiometabolic Health indicators to advance the quality of spinal cord injury rehabilitation: SCI-High Project
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2019
Matheus J. Wiest, Christopher West, David Ditor, Julio C. Furlan, Masae Miyatani, Farnoosh Farahani, S. Mohammad Alavinia, Paul I. Oh, Mark T. Bayley, B. Catharine Craven
Exercise is the primary rehabilitation intervention to reduce cardiometabolic disease incidence in the SCI/D population. Voluntary upper limb active aerobic exercise interventions are used with the aim of improving cardiometabolic fitness, glucose metabolism, and lipid profiles after SCI/D. The effectiveness of exercise may be limited by the level and severity of injury and adherence to SCI-specific physical activity guidelines. The 2018 International Scientific Exercise Guidelines: “Evidence-based scientific exercise guidelines for adults with spinal cord injury”, developed by Martin Ginis et al.20 states that “at least 20 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise two times per week AND three sets of strength exercises for each major functioning muscle group, at a moderate to vigorous intensity, two times per week” are necessary to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Cardiometabolic health benefits are achieved through “at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise three times per week”,20 a volume of exercise which is lower than the recommendations from the Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines21,22 and the Exercise and Sports Science Australia23 guidelines: 150 min per week, up to five days per week. Although cardiometabolic risk profiles are well documented after SCI/D, routine processes to detect and mitigate cardiometabolic risk during SCI/D rehabilitation and then in the transition to community living are urgently required.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Gas Exchange
- Oxygen
- Perfusion
- Vo2 Max
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Hypertension
- Circulatory System
- Respiratory System
- Skeletal Muscle
- Ventilation-Perfusion Coupling