The Health Care System Structure
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss in Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
The study and practice of medicine is generally structured on me basis of the various-specialties designated within the health care field. As will be noted from the listing of medical specialties in Table 2.1, most end with the suffix-logy, 'meaning "the study or science of" the specialty. Likewise, the individuals who practice in these fields are denoted by the suffix-ist or -I agist meaning "one who" and- "one who studies/' For example, given that the root word for heart is cardio, a cardiologist is one who practices (studies) in thefield on cardiology, treatment of heart disease.
Making primary care systematic: successful cardiac care
Andrew Gray, Pieter Degeling, Hal Colebatch in Changing Clinical Care, 2018
The systematisation development did not end with the initial production of a pathway. Newsletters were written on a bi-monthly basis; you might think that there would be little to write, but feedback from practices was communicated through the newsletter so that the care pathway continued to evolve. A new group emerged through the newsletter to include those with existing, stable ischaemic heart disease into the project and volunteers were quickly found to pilot this Stage Two of the project. All those with acute cardiac disease (Stage One) would move into Stage Two after a year. Soon after this, Stage Three was piloted to look at primary prevention in patients with family history of IHD, those with diabetes and hypertension. Through all these changes there was new information to impart, new medications to be considered and pathways to be modified to achieve a single care pathway to incorporate both Stage One and Stage Two of the project. Thus through these stages a comprehensive cardiac care programme developed.
Definitions and Clinical Diagnosis of Heart Failure
Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler in Heart Failure, 2023
Based on symptom onset and time course, HF may be chronic or acute (de novo or acute decompensation of chronic HF). Chronic HF can be further classified based on different aspects of the syndrome:Symptomatic severity and functional limitation; the New York Heart Association (NYHA) and Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) classifications.Risk factors for and stages of development of cardiac dysfunction and HF; the American College of Cardiology (ACC) / American Heart Association (AHA) stage-specific approach.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) vs midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF) vs preserved (HFpEF) LVEF phenotypes.Ventricle(s) affected; left ventricular vs right ventricular vs bi-ventricular.
Clinical effectiveness of a cardiology outpatient management plan to reduce inefficiency in consultations
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Francisco González-Llopis, Antonio Palazón-Bru, Emma Mares-García, María De Los Ángeles Carbonell-Torregrosa, Vicente Bertomeu-Martínez, Vicente Francisco Gil-Guillén
The Cardiology Service performs the following complementary tests that are entirely dependent on the department itself: echocardiogram, stress test, 24-h electrocardiography, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, flecainide testing, pericardiocentesis, electrical cardioversion, and defibrillator revision. In addition, other tests related to the field of cardiology are referred to the corresponding reference center or are managed by the Intensive Care Medicine Service of the Elda Health Department. The volume of the most performed tests that depended entirely on the Cardiology Service in 2014 was: 4,960 echocardiograms, 869 stress tests, and 1,828 24-h electrocardiograms. The maximum length of time between request for a test and the test itself being carried out was as follows: echocardiogram: 5 months, stress test: 5 months, and 24-h electrocardiography: 1 month.
Impact of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the BALKAN-AF survey
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Monika Kozieł, Stefan Simovic, Nikola Pavlovic, Aleksandar Kocijancic, Vilma Paparisto, Ljilja Music, Elina Trendafilova, Anca Rodica Dan, Zumreta Kusljugic, Gheorghe-Andrei Dan, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Tatjana S. Potpara
Data were collected using an electronic case report form (eCRF) designed by SAFA. The eCRF included patient characteristics, patient presentation and healthcare setting, diagnostic procedures undertaken within the last 12 months and at enrolment and AF management at enrolment and at discharge. Stroke risk was estimated using the CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive HF, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes, stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA), vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category) score [8]. Bleeding risk was evaluated according to the HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio (INR), elderly (>65 years), drugs or alcohol concomitantly) score [8,17]. All the cardiovascular risk factors, diseases and risk scores definitions were defined according to individual European Society of Cardiology guidelines, other guidelines, scientific statements and textbooks presented previously in supplementary information [15].
Metabolic syndrome is associated to high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T elevation
Published in Biomarkers, 2019
Assi Milwidsky, Eyal Fisher, Rafael Y. Brzezinski, Michal Ehrenwald, Gabi Shefer, Naftali Stern, Itzhak Shapira, David Zeltser, Zach Rosenbaum, Dahlia Greidinger, Shlomo Berliner, Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty, Ori Rogowski
The risk for cardiovascular morbidity is modifiable in its very early stages (Ponikowski et al.2016). Since metabolic risk factors also contribute to CVD progression and specifically to heart failure, major American and European cardiology societies advice routine follow-up and preventive steps for patients at high cardiovascular risk (Ponikowski et al.2016, Yancy et al.2017). Because not all of these patients will go on to develop overt heart failure or other CVD, more accurate and personalized risk assessment is needed. The findings of the ARIC sub-analysis suggest that hs-TnT testing can further refine risk stratification in patients with MetS. Our results corroborate this concept in that it establishes not only an association between Mets and hs-Tn but suggests a continuous relation between the metabolic burden (i.e. the number of MetS components) and hs-TnT in asymptomatic subjects.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Congenital Heart Defect
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Electrophysiology
- Circulatory System
- Heart
- Medical Diagnosis
- Heart Failure
- Valvular Heart Disease
- Physician
- Internal Medicine