Head and Neck
Bobby Krishnachetty, Abdul Syed, Harriet Scott in Applied Anatomy for the FRCA, 2020
They receive blood from the external carotid artery and its branches Tonsillar artery and ascending palatine artery (branches of facial artery)Lesser palatine artery (from descending palatine, a branch of maxillary artery)Dorsal lingual artery (a branch of lingual artery)Ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of external carotid artery)
Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
Gozie Offiah, Arnold Hill in RCSI Handbook of Clinical Surgery for Finals, 2019
Key facts➣ Tonsils are paired lymphatic organs part of the Waldeyer ring and are thought to have a protective/immune role➣ Each tonsil has a fibrous capsule and is separated from the pharyngobasilar covering of the superior constrictor muscle by a layer of areolar tissue➣ Blood supply to the tonsils is through the external carotid artery branches: Superior Pole: Ascending pharyngeal arteryLesser palatine arteryInferior Pole: Facial artery branchesDorsal lingual arteryAscending palatine artery➣ Venous drainage is a diffuse peritonsillar plexus that drains into the lingual and pharyngeal veins that anastomose with the internal jugular vein
Anatomy of the Pharynx and Oesophagus
John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford in Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
The pharynx has a rich vascular supply from a number of branches of the external carotid artery. Much of the superior pharynx is supplied by the ascending pharyngeal artery. This artery arises from the medial external carotid and passes superiorly, giving off branches to the pharynx. A palatine branch passes over the edge of the superior constrictor to supply the soft palate and internal pharynx as well as the pharyngotympanic tube. There are additional supplies from the tonsillar artery and ascending palatine branch of the facial artery as well as, more inferiorly, from the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries.
Treatment of intractable epistaxis in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Xiaojing Yang, Hanru Ren, Minghua Li, Yueqi Zhu, Weitian Zhang, Jie Fu
The primary blood supply to the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and pharyngeal recess area is provided by the ascending pharyngeal artery. This artery arises from the external carotid artery, with some branches originating from the ICA or occipital artery [37]. The pterygoid artery, a secondary branch of the pharyngeal artery from the internal maxillary artery, supplies blood to the front of the nasopharynx, front of the pharyngeal crypt, and cartilage of the Eustachian tube. If the ascending iliac artery is absent, it can be replaced by a descending branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery. The branches of the maxillary artery from the external carotid artery are distributed on the top and posterior walls of the nasopharynx, the side walls of the nasopharynx, and the nasal floor near the posterior nostril of the nasal cavity [38]. The superficial blood supply of the pharyngeal recess of the nasopharynx is primarily through the branches of the external carotid artery and ascending pharyngeal artery. Nasopharyngeal bleeding can occur due to rupture of the ascending pharyngeal recess.
Complete embolization of jugular paragangliomas by direct puncture. Technical note
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
Oriela Rustemi, Fabio Raneri, Lorenzo Volpin, Giuseppe Iannucci
Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed a blush in the right jugular foramen corresponding to the lesion (Figure 1(D)). The main feeder was the ascending pharyngeal artery, as usual in paragangliomas. The embolization procedure was conducted under general anesthesia. A 5F Envoy catheter was positioned in the external carotid artery to be able to perform an angiographic control. The patient was in supine position. The head was maintained neutral, slightly extended. Initial injection of the external carotid artery visualized the blush of the tumor. Both anterior-posterior and lateral-lateral projections were used as road map for needle insertion. An 18-gauge needle was positioned in the center of the tumor by direct puncture, through a right retro-mandibular access. The needle puncture was perpendicular to the entry point and then directed upward to the skull base. The Squid embolic agent was connected to the needle through a 10-centimeter connecting tube. The connecting tube contributed to maintain the needle in a stable position. Before injection, the connecting tube allowed to visualize the blood outflow, and after injection it would allow to directly follow the quantity of material to inject. The needle position was confirmed by angiographic control through injection of the external carotid artery and by the blush obtained after direct contrast medium injection through the needle inserted in the lesion (Figure 1(E)). The lesion was slowly filled with 20 cc of Squid 18 and 20 cc of Squid 12 (Figure 1(F)), until complete obliteration was obtained and documented on DSA (absence of any blush) and head CT and cerebral CT scan (Figures 1G and 1(H)). The post-procedural course was uneventful. Cranial nerve deficits improved. At last follow-up at 17 months, the radiological result remained stable.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Common Carotid Artery
- External Carotid Artery
- Internal Carotid Artery
- Pharynx
- Styloglossus
- Stylopharyngeus Muscle
- Artery
- Inferior Tympanic Artery
- Posterior Meningeal Artery
- Longus Capitis Muscle