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Anton Sebastian in A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Angiocardiography [Greek: angeion, vessel + kardia, heart + graphein, to write] X-rays were used to assess the systolic and diastolic phases of the heart and aorta by H. Guilleminot in 1899 and this remained the only radiological method of studying the cardiovascular system until the invention of angiocardiography. Werner Forssman (1904–1979) of Germany, in 1929, was the first to insert a catheter into a living human heart and he performed the first angiography in 1931. He first catheterized himself and took X-rays to confirm his technique. The first cinefluorographic visualization of cardiac chambers by injecting contrast into the veins was described by George Porter Robb (b1898) and Israel Steinberg (b1902) in 1938. See cardiac catheterization, left ventriculography.
The Pulmonary and Bronchial Vessels, Pulmonary Vascular Abnormalities including Embolism, Pulmonary and Bronchial Angiography, and A/V Malformations.
Fred W Wright in Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
In 1950 Dotter et al. advocated venous angiocardiography, performed by the rapid injection of contrast medium into the veins of both arms, in the pre-operative assessment of patients with bronchial carcinoma. This was to assess possible mediastinal involvement as shown by complete or partial occlusion of the left pulmonary artery close to its origin, by complete or partial occlusion of the 'great mediastinal vessels' displaced or deformed by metastases and by pericardial thickening. They studied 53 patients with bronchial carcinoma and found that of 25, who had been considered inoperable although angiographically not inoperable. They emphasised that non-neoplastic conditions, either on their own or complicating a neoplasm, could simulate neoplastic conditions and wrote "No patient should be denied exploratory surgery on the basis of angiocardiographic changes alone."
Uro-Angiographic Contrast Agents—The Holy Grail
Christoph de Haën in X-Ray Contrast Agent Technology, 2019
The members of the most recent class of contrast agents, first of all those based on iodomethamate disodium and iodopyracet diethanolamine, enabled extended clinical indications, and were safer than the pioneering uro-angiographic uroselectan sodium and methiodal sodium. Among the two new molecules, iodopyracet diethanolamine salt could claim the better safety record. At the highest concentration, i.e., 70% (w/v) or 348 mg(Iodine)/mL, it had an osmolality at 37 °C of around 3,600 mosmol/kg.41 At the time of product conception osmotic properties were not part of the compound selection criteria, let alone were they measured. Despite its elevated osmolality, this contrast agent’s tolerability at last allowed doses elevated enough to render feasible the visualization of the heart chambers, so-called angiocardiography, and of the pulmonary veins. To begin with, these procedures were explored in children with congenital abnormalities (Castellanos, Pereiras, and García 1937). Although some additional contrast agents were introduced, those based on methiodal sodium or dimethiodal sodium, and still more often based on iodomethamate disodium or iodopyracet diethanolamine salt, dominated angiographic applications for two decades (Grainger 1982a; Felder 1986; Urich 1995). They were later classified as first-generation uro-angiographic contrast agents.
Continuous blood pressure monitoring during high-intensity resistance training after myocardial infarction or percutaneous coronary intervention in a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation setting
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Katelyn D. Brown, Hoa L. Nguyen, Jenny Adams
All participants aged 18 to 80 years old referred to CR at Baylor Scott and White Heart and Vascular Hospital in Dallas, Texas, from May 2013 until May 2017 with a history of coronary artery disease were eligible for this study. The presence of atherosclerosis was confirmed by patients either having experienced a myocardial infarction for which they were being treated medically or having undergone coronary catheterization in which an angioplasty was performed or a stent placed. Patients were excluded if they had a permanent pacemaker or defibrillator, coronary artery bypass surgery or valve surgery, unstable angina pectoris, history of acute hernia or aneurysm, physical disability that limited RT, uncontrolled hypertension (systolic 160 mm Hg or diastolic > 100 mm Hg), symptomatic dysrhythmias, regular participation in an RT program since cardiac intervention, or history of heart or lung transplant. A total of 40 patients were invited to participate and provided informed consent. The study protocol was approved by the Baylor Scott & White Research Institute’s institutional review board.
Coronary vasospasm as an etiology of recurrent ventricular fibrillation in the absence of coronary artery disease: a case report
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Binita Bhandari, Tejaswi Kanderi, Keerthi Yarlagadda, Mehreen Qureshi, Saketram Komanduri
Management of VF is time-sensitive as it can cause sudden cardiac death if not immediately reverted and also involves diagnostic testing to delineate the cause of VF if possible. Defibrillation remains the mainstay of treatment to prevent significant mortality during acute episodes as well as to prevent further VF episodes. The literature on VF caused by coronary vasospasm is evolving, and a range of presentations from mild chest discomfort to myocardial infarction and life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death have been reported [13]. Our patient had recurrent hospital admissions (Figure 5) with chest pain and ST elevations noted on ECG leading to a coronary catheterization. Once ACS was ruled out, VFib was attributed to coronary vasospasm, which was further supported by recurrent episodes with potential anginal attacks but a decrease in the frequency of ICD shocks with the management of coronary vasospasm by calcium channel blockers and nitrates.
A giant coronary artery ectasia successfully managed conservatively
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2020
Waqas Ullah, Mishal Shaukat, Asrar Ahmad, Zain Ali, Maryam Mukhtar, Mamoon Ur Rashid
On presentation, the patient was afebrile with a blood pressure of 141/67 mmHg. He had a low heart rate of 60 beats per minute (BPM). Further examination of his chest, abdomen and nervous system showed no abnormalities. Laboratory investigation showed a hemoglobin of 14 g/dL, platelets 181,000/mL, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 802 pg/mL, creatinine kinase MB (CK-MB) 12.8 U/L, troponin 184 ng/mL, creatinine 1.8 mg/dL, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 4.32 mIU/L. His electrocardiogram (EKG) showed sinus rhythm with first-degree atrioventricular block and no ST-T wave changes. Echocardiography was done which showed no hypokinesis and no other abnormalities. His TIMI score was 6 which prompted an invasive intervention. He underwent left heart coronary catheterization the following day under monitored local anesthesia. He was found to have a large and ectatic left main coronary artery (LMCA), about 102 mm in diameter. (Figure 1) He also had 80% stenosis of the left circumflex artery (LCX). He was initially started on heparin infusion for therapeutic anticoagulation. His LCX artery was stented with a drug-eluting stent (DES). Post-procedure he was started on aspirin, clopidogrel, carvedilol, and atorvastatin. He refused any further intervention such as coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Coronary Circulation
- Restenosis
- Stenosis
- Vascular Occlusion
- Heart
- Catheter
- Minimally Invasive Procedure
- Cardiology Diagnostic Tests & Procedures
- Radiocontrast Agent
- X-Ray