Hair and Nails
A. Sahib El-Radhi in Paediatric Symptom and Sign Sorter, 2019
Hair, derived from the epidermis, develops around the third to fourth months of fetal life. At birth, the number of hair follicles on the scalp and on other parts of the body stabilises and no more follicles are developed. The hairs are typically broken at various lengths. Vellus hair is fine, soft and non-pigmented, and covers most of the body before puberty. Terminal hair, in contrast, is coarse, curly and pigmented. Pubertal androgens promote the conversion from vellus to terminal hair. Hair growth in excess of what is expected for age, sex and ethnicity is termed hirsutism or hypertrichosis. The nails become thickened and dystrophic. Abnormal nails may occur as a result of generalised skin disease, skin disease confined to the nails, systemic disease, fungal or bacterial infection or tumour. In paediatrics, nail clubbing is the most important of all nail abnormalities.
Hypertrichosis
Antonella Tosti, Bianca Maria Piraccini in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hair Disorders, 2005
The term hypertrichosis describes the presence of an excessive amount of hair in a non-androgen-dependent area. This results from the presence of terminal hairs in anatomical areas that are normally characterized by vellus hair.
CYSTS WITH OR WITHOUT DRAINAGE
Paul Schneiderman, Marc E. Grossman in A Clinician's Guide to Dermatologic Differential Diagnosis, Volume 2, 2006
Lymphoepithelial cysts of the parotid glands in AIDS Digital myxoid cyst Digital myxoid cyst, punctured Eruptive vellus hair cysts Acne vulgaris cyst Steatocystoma multiplex Steatocystoma multiplex Pseudocyst of the auricle
Comparative treatment of multiple vellus hair cysts with the 2940 nm Er:YAG and 1540 nm Er:Glass laser
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2011
Doris Helbig, Marc Oliver Bodendorf, Sonja Grunewald, Michael Kendler, Mandy Albert, Jan C. Simon, Uwe Paasch
Eruptive vellus hair cysts occur sporadically, hereditarily or in association with other diseases due to developmental anomalies of vellus hair follicles. Here, we report on a 41-year-old male with multiple vellus hair cysts of the forehead, who was successfully treated three times with a non-ablative, non-fractional 1540 nm Er:Glass laser on one side of his face, and with an ablative non-fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser on the other side, at intervals of 6–12 weeks. Over the whole treatment period of about 9 months, we could observe a marked reduction in the total number of cysts. The bigger and painful inflammatory cysts were reduced significantly. There was a slight tendency for better clinical outcome in the area in which the Er:YAG laser had been used. Clinical and histopathological findings, pathogenesis and treatment options are discussed with a review of the literature.
Treatment of androgenetic alopecia with a 7.5% herbal preparation
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 1996
A standardized 7.5% herbal extract preparation used to increase the density of hair growth was subjected to scientific investigation to evaulate its hair growth-promoting properties. A group of 24 healthy male subjects under the age of 55 years with stage III-IV androgenetic alopecia were enrolled in a randomized double-blind parallel-group vehicle-controlled study lasting 48 weeks. The hair inside a 1-cm tattooed triangle was harvested bimonthly. Measurements included total hair counts, non-vellus hair counts, average hair length and total hair weight. After 40 weeks of treatment, the mean total hair count increased by 77% in the active group compared to a 3% increase in the placebo group (P = 0.003). The number of non-vellus hairs in a 0.433 cm2 area increased by 169% for the active group compared to 33% for the placebo group (P = 0.01). In the active group, 90% of the subjects showed an increase of more than 35% in non-vellus hair count compared with only 33% of the placebo group (P < 0.05), and 60% of the active group had excellent results (100% increase in non-vellus hair count) compared with only 8% of the placebo group (P < 0.05). It was seen that the standardized herbal preparation was significantly more effective than the placebo.
Hair Growth in Subcutaneously Buried Composite Hair-Bearing Skin Grafts
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1982
Rolf E. A. Nordström, Torsten Wahlström
In earlier reports about buried dermal grafts the hair follicles have been reported to disappear in two months. However, if hair-bearing (terminal hair, not vellus hair) skin grafts with subdermal fat including the deepest follicles are buried under the dermis of the scalp they continue to grow hair up to a year or more to a hair length of over 10 cm.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Subcutaneous Tissue
- Ear
- Hair
- Lip
- Terminal Hair