Peripheral quantitative computed tomography and micro-computed tomography
C M Langton, C F Njeh in The Physical Measurement of Bone, 2016
For forearm measurements, the proportion of trabecular bone to total bone changes greatly according to the distance from the ulnar styloid process [24]. Therefore, precision with pQCT depends on careful positioning to ensure that the same target volume is scanned. The short-term in vivo precision of the clinical pQCT has been measured using groups of healthy young volunteers. Butz et al [7] found relative precision errors (CV) of 1.7% for trabecular, 0.8% for total and 0.9% for cortical BMD measurements. Lehmann et al [25] and Schneider et al [26] calculated absolute precision errors for trabecular regions of interest between 2.6 and 3.1 mg/cm3, which resulted in CVs of under 1%. In a study by Grampp et al [27] of pre-and post-menopausal women, the average absolute precision errors for the trabecular and total region were of the same order as in the previous studies (1.8–3.4 and 3.8–8.5 mg/cm3 respectively), but the resulting CVs of the post-menopausal population were higher (0.9–2.1 % and 1.1–2.6%, respectively), because of lower average BMD in their groups.
Musculoskeletal system
David A Lisle in Imaging for Students, 2012
The distal radius is the most common site of radial fracture. The distal radius is a common fracture site in children with buckle, greenstick or Salter–Harris type 2 fractures particularly common (Figs 8.4, 8.5 and 8.6). Distal radial fractures are also common in elderly patients, particularly those with osteoporosis. Classical Colles’ fracture consists of a transverse fracture of the distal radius with volar angulation (Fig. 8.12). The distal fragment is angulated and/or displaced posteriorly, often with a degree of impaction. Distal radial fractures are commonly associated with avulsion of the tip of the ulnar styloid process. Dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius, commonly known as Smith’s fracture, is less common than Colles’ fracture.
Single Best Answer Questions
Vivian A. Elwell, Jonathan M. Fishman, Rajat Chowdhury in SBAs for the MRCS Part A, 2018
Which of the following statements is true of Colles’ fracture?Is a cause of carpal tunnel syndromeResults in palmar displacement of the distal fractured fragmentExtends into the wrist (radiocarpal) jointIs typically associated with compression of the ulnar nerveInvolves the ulnar styloid process
Dorsal dry needling to the pronator quadratus muscle is a safe and valid technique: A cadaveric study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Albert Pérez-Bellmunt, Carlos López-de-Celis, Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz, César Hidalgo-García, Joseph M. Donnelly, Simón A Cedeño-Bermúdez, César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
Dry needling insertions were conducted by one clinician with 13 years of experience by using sterile stainless-steel solid filiform needles 30 mm in length and 0.32 mm caliber with a plastic cylindrical guide (APS, Agupunt, Barcelona, Spain). The PQ muscle was needled dorsally by using the ulnar styloid process as the anatomical landmark. With the forearm pronated, the needle was inserted 3 cm (assessed with a ruler) proximal and lateral (radially) to the ulnar styloid process (Choung et al., 2016) and advanced into an anterior direction to a depth judged clinically to be most likely in the PQ (Figure 1). To accurately identify the PQ, the clinician considered its location in the volar aspect of the distal forearm, and the needle should penetrate the PQ after piercing the interosseous membrane.
Non-union of the ulnar styloid process in children is common but long-term morbidity is rare: a population-based study with mean 11 years (9–15) follow-up
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2019
Linda Korhonen, Sarita Victorzon, Willy Serlo, Juha-Jaakko Sinikumpu
An interesting finding was that a majority of the patients with USP non-union were primarily diagnosed with isolated distal radius fracture but showed USP non-union in the long-term follow-up. In children, the real incidence of USP non-union can only be evaluated after ossification of the ulnar styloid, if MRI is not available. Thus, there may be under-diagnosis of acute USP fractures in young children, which may explain the previously suggested higher incidence of USP non-union in adults (Stansberry et al. 1990, Abid et al. 2008, Wijffels et al. 2014). In our study, the patients were on average 21 years of age (14–29) at the time of follow-up. In that age group, the ulnar styloid process is ossified and visible in radiographs (Gilsanz and Ratib 2005) even though physeal closure usually occurs at the age of 16–19 years (Egol et al. 2010). It is possible that the open physis of the ulna would have made radiographic evaluation more difficult in the youngest study patients. However, reference imaging of the uninjured wrist was undertaken in all cases in order to support radiographic analysis. Routine MR imaging or CT scans were not included in the study plan because they have not been reported to be superior in diagnosing USP fractures, compared with plain radiographs in patients with mature skeleton (Spence et al. 1998, Welling et al. 2008).
20-Year outcome of TFCC repairs
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2018
Maria Moloney, Simon Farnebo, Lars Adolfsson
Lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) are frequent following wrist trauma. The TFCC contributes both to the stability of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and to ulno-carpal stability. The palmar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments extend in an angle from radius to ulna and attach in the fovea on caput ulnae and the base of the ulnar styloid process [1]. The attachment in the fovea is the most important for the DRUJ stability in dynamic loading of the wrist [2]. Severe TFCC injuries affecting the foveal fibers typically cause instability of the DRUJ [3], while peripheral lesions mainly affect ulno-carpal stability [4]. It is important to distinguish between a subjective perception of instability and the laxity found at clinical testing since laxity not per definition imply symptoms of instability [4]. TFCC injuries can be found in about 50–60% of patients with a distal radius fracture [5,6] and is almost always present when the fracture is dorsally displaced more than 32° [4].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle
- Tendon
- Forearm
- Ulna
- Triangular Fibrocartilage
- Ulnar Carpal Collateral Ligament
- Wrist
- Distal Radioulnar Articulation
- Triquetral Bone
- Radiology