Endoscopic Techniques for Stabilization of the Thoracic Spine
Alexander R. Vaccaro, Christopher M. Bono in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, 2007
The sternal part arises by two fleshy slips from the dorsum of xiphoid process. The costal part arises from inner surfaces of cartilages and adjacent portions of the last six ribs on either side. The right crus arises from the sides of the bodies of L1–L3 bodies. The left crus arises from the sides of L1 and L2 bodies. The medial arcuate ligament covers the upper part of the psoas major muscle, attaching from the sides of first and second lumbar vertebrae to the tip of the L1 transverse process. The lateral arcuate ligament covers the quadratus lumborum and attaches from the tip of L1 transverse process to the lower border of the 12th rib. Thus, both the crura and arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm are inserted below the T12–L1 disc space (8,10,17), so lesions located above the T12–L1 disc can be approached thoracoscopically from above without dividing the diaphragm. Below the T12–L1 disc space the spine is surrounded by the diaphragmatic crura, psoas muscles, and arcuate ligaments, and so injuries here require diaphragmatic detachment for adequate exposure.
The Thigh (Anterior and Medial Compartments)
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause in Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
On one side of the body carefully dissect the psoas major muscle in piecemeal fashion, preserving the lumbar nerves (which pass posterior to, or through, the psoas). Clean and identify the nerves which arise from the lumbar plexus:the ilioinguinal nerve (L1);the genitofemoral nerve (L1, 2);the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2, 3);the femoral nerve (L2, 3, 4);the obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4);and the lumbosacral trunk (L4, 5).
Techniques: Regional
Brian J Pollard, Gareth Kitchen in Handbook of Clinical Anaesthesia, 2017
The lumbar plexus consists of the ventral rami of the first four lumber nerves (L1-4) as well as a contribution from the subcostal nerve (T12). It often sits within the body of the psoas major muscle at the level L4/5, but can be found completely posterior to it. The lumbar plexus gives rise to the following terminal branches: Ilioguinal nerve (T12-L1), iliohypogastric nerve (T12-L1), genitofemoral nerve (L1-2), obturator nerve (L2-4), lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2-3) and femoral nerve (L2-4).
Effects of backrest and seat-pan inclination of tractor seat on biomechanical characteristics of lumbar, abdomen, leg and spine
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Qichao Wang, Yihuan Huo, Zheng Xu, Wenjie Zhang, Yujun Shang, Hongmei Xu
In this study, the muscles with high activities, including gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, Rectus femoris, iliopsoas, vastus lateralis and sartorius, were analyzed, and those muscles with low activities or small muscle tissues were not taken into account. Gluteus maximus has a wide and thick quadrilateral shape, and mainly drives the extension and external rotation of the thigh. Semitendinosus is located at the back of the thigh and helps the extension of the hip joint and bending of the knee joint. Rectus femoris is located in the front of the thigh, whose main function is to extend the knee joint and bend the thigh. Iliopsoas is composed of psoas major muscle and iliacus, which is mainly responsible for the external rotation of the thigh and forward flexion of the pelvis and trunk. The sartorius is flat and banded, and is one of the longest in the leg muscles, starting from the anterior superior iliac spine, passing through the inner side of the knee joint, and finally to the inner side of the upper end of the tibia. The main function of sartorius is for the bending of the hip and knee.
Infectious spondylodiscitis: 5-year analysis of a tertiary hospital in Portugal
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2018
Ana Ponciano, Gonçalo Cruz, Conceição Ventura, Eduardo Rabadão, José Saraiva da Cunha
The vertebral segments most frequently involved were lumbar (63.7%) and dorsal in 23.7% of patients. Almost 5% of patients with lumbar involvement also presented with concomitant cervical vertebrae infection. Imaging studies were performed in all patients, usually computed tomography associated with magnetic ressonance. Evidence of vertebral anomalies suggestive of spondylodiscitis were found in 74% of patients subjected to computed tomography and 91.9% of those undergoing magnetic ressonance imaging. However, 8.1% of patients did not present any abnormality in these investigations. In 37 patients, there was evidence of abscess, 70% paravertebral and 29.7% with involvement of the psoas major muscle.
A Comparison of the Predictive Role of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and Immunonutritional Parameters for Postoperative Complications in Elderly Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Daisuke Watanabe, Kunihisa Miura, Akemi Yamashita, Tadaaki Minowa, Yuko Uehara, Shinobu Mizushima, Seiichiro Yoshikawa, Akio Mizushima
The psoas major muscle at the third lumbar vertebra level was evaluated by the manual trace method using computed tomography (CT) conducted before the surgery. The psoas muscle index (PMI) was calculated as the value in which the cross-sectional area of the bilateral psoas muscle divided by the body height squared (mm2/m2). The PMI was set as the index of skeletal muscle mass. The visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured at the umbilicus level on preoperative CT images using an imaging software program (SYNAPSE VINCENT; Fujifilm Medical, Tokyo, Japan).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Iliacus Muscle
- Lumbar Plexus
- Lumbar Vertebrae
- Thoracic Vertebrae
- Vertebra
- Vertebral Column
- Intervertebral Disc
- Iliopsoas
- Iliac Fascia
- Iliopubic Eminence