Ancient Egyptian Medical Sciences
Ibrahim M. Eltorai in A Spotlight on the History of Ancient Egyptian Medicine, 2019
The special treatment of the viscera acquainted the Egyptian physicians with the appearance and position of the organs and enabled them to recognize the homologies between the internal organs of the human body and those of animals. The Egyptian conception of the dynamics of the human physiology is complicated and confusing because of the belief that it was governed by a number of deities and it was assumed that there are other spiritual forces controlling it. All human physiology in ancient Egypt depended mostly on natural powers. The Egyptians had a curious knowledge concerning the uterus. The organs of reproduction were believed to be a separate entity independent of the other organs and subject to wandering about the pelvic cavity. The internal organs were known to the Egyptian physicians, their sites, and, to some extent, their functions and their illnesses as described in the papyri.
Blocks of Nerves of the Sacral Plexus Supplying the Lower Extremities
Jean-Pierre Monnet, Yves Harmand in Pediatric Regional Anesthesia, 2019
The anesthetized area consists of the posterior aspect of the thigh and the lower part of the skin covering the gluteus maximus muscle. The sacral plexus lies on the anterior aspect of the piriformis muscle, behind the posterior wall of the pelvic cavity. Sciatic nerve blocks are recommended for operations on the foot, including ingrowing toenails, removal of foreign bodies and implants, dressing of wounds, osteotomies, and clubfoot repair. The sciatic nerve emerges from the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen and runs towards the back of the thigh between the greater trochanter of the femur and the ischial tuberosity. Complete anesthesia of the area supplied by the sciatic nerve can be achieved with the same amounts of local anesthetics as those recommended for blocking the femoral nerve. Anterior approaches to the sciatic nerve may lead to penetration of femoral vessels, with subsequent, possibly compressive, hematomata.
Pelvic floor, ischio-anal fossa
Ian Parkin, Bari Logan, Mark McCarthy in Core Anatomy - Illustrated, 2007
The pelvic cavity is superior to the muscular pelvic floor (or diaphragm), and the perineum is inferior to it. The sacrospinous ligament (1) gives origin to some of the pelvic floor muscles. The lesser sciatic foramen (2) lies inferior to the ligament, therefore inferior to the pelvic floor. Nerves and vessels passing through the lesser sciatic foramen enter the perineum, as do structures that pass through the pelvic floor.
A review of algorithms for medical image segmentation and their applications to the female pelvic cavity
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2010
Zhen Ma, João Manuel R.S. Tavares, Renato Natal Jorge, T. Mascarenhas
This paper aims to make a review on the current segmentation algorithms used for medical images. Algorithms are classified according to their principal methodologies, namely the ones based on thresholds, the ones based on clustering techniques and the ones based on deformable models. The last type is focused on due to the intensive investigations into the deformable models that have been done in the last few decades. Typical algorithms of each type are discussed and the main ideas, application fields, advantages and disadvantages of each type are summarised. Experiments that apply these algorithms to segment the organs and tissues of the female pelvic cavity are presented to further illustrate their distinct characteristics. In the end, the main guidelines that should be considered for designing the segmentation algorithms of the pelvic cavity are proposed.
False Aneurysm of the External Iliac Artery Following Hip Endoprosthesis
Published in Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 1976
A false aneurysm developed from the external iliac artery within the pelvic cavity following total hip surgery when methylmethacrylate cement had been used to fix the cup. The aneurysm was probably caused by a cement spicule which had entered the pelvis and had come into contact with the external iliac artery.
Clinical outcome of intraoperative pelvic hyperthermochemotherapy for patients with Dukes' C rectal cancer
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 1994
M. Takahashi, S. Fujimoto, K. Kobayashi, T. Mutou, M. Kure, H. Masaoka, R. B. Shimanskaya, M. Takai, F. Endoh, H. Ohkubo
In attempts to prevent local recurrence after curative resection for rectal cancer, intraoperative pelvic hyperthermochemotherapy (IOPHC) was prescribed for 27 patients with Dukes' C cancer. The procedures used were as follows: immediately after amputation or resection of the rectum with extended lymphadenectomy, the pelvic cavity was filled with physiological saline containing 40 µg/ml mitomycin C, which was warmed at 45°C for 90 min with an apparatus devised for IOPHC. Thirty-five patients who underwent surgery alone for Dukes' C rectal cancer within the same period served as controls. There was a local recurrence in three patients in the IOPHC group (11 · 1 %), and in 13 in the control group (37 · 1 %). With regard to hepatic or pulmonary metastasis, there was no differerence between the two groups. There was no morbidity in the IOPHC treatment except for a large volume of exudate from the pelvic cavity. Thus, IOPHC can be considered as one option for limiting local recurrence after surgical resection of an advanced rectal cancer.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Coccyx
- Pelvic Floor
- Rectum
- Sacrum
- Pelvis
- Urinary Bladder
- Body Cavity