Methods in Experimental Pathology of the Pleura
Joan Gil in Models of Lung Disease, 2020
For ultrastructural studies, in situ fixation is probably the best fixation procedure to follow especially when different parts of the pleural surface need to be sampled (Wang, 1975; Albertine et al., 1982). The thin mesothelial cell with the elongated bushy microvilli (Fig. 1), well-developed intercellular junctions, basal lamina, cytoplasmic fibrils, and organelles is well-characterized by TEM (Andrews and Porter, 1973; Cotran and Karnovsky, 1968; Fukata, 1963; Obata, 1978; Wang, 1983). The abundant surface microvilli are best appreciated on SEM (Fig. 2). Another advantage of the in situ preparation is that the lung and the pleura are maintained at a desired inflating condition following 48 hr of constant pressure fixation. Although shrinkage does occur during subsequent processing, the general architecture of pleura including the density of microvilli is maintained and is useful for morphometric analysis with appropriate correction factors.
Introduction
Paul Ong, Rachel Skittrall in Gastrointestinal Nursing, 2017
The serosa is the outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract (Figure 1.4). It consists of a thin layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. The serosa refers to a layer of peritoneum that covers the digestive organs inside the abdominopelvic cavity. The peritoneum is divided into the Parietal layer which lines the abdominopelvic cavity walls.Visceral layer which covers the surface of the organs within the peritoneal cavity. It is equivalent to the serosa.
Future perspectives in peritoneal malignancy
Tom Cecil, John Bunni, Akash Mehta in A Practical Guide to Peritoneal Malignancy, 2019
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm that arises primarily from the mesothelial cell layer of the pleura or the peritoneum but can also develop from the serosal surface cells of the pericardium and the tunica vaginalis [49,50]. Malignant mesothelioma has three main histological forms: the most common epithelioid subtype, the rare sarcomatoid type and the biphasic subtype, which bears both epithelioid and sarcomatoid features [50,51]. Epithelioid tumours grow in four different patterns, that is, tubular, papillary, diffuse and deciduoid, and show mild cytological atypia [49–51]. Sarcomatoid tumours grow in a diffuse storiform and fasicular pattern with areas of necrosis and show severe cytological atypia [49–51]. Biphasic tumours have both epithelioid and sarcomatoid features with moderate to severe cytological atypia [49–51].
Colorectal Cancer Cells Adhere to Traumatized Peritoneal Tissue in Clusters, An Experimental Study
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2018
Peter Falk, Andreas Jonsson, Torbjörn Swartling, Marie-Lois Ivarsson
The mechanisms that lie behind tumor cell adherence to the mesothelial cell layer lining the peritoneal cavity are not fully understood. When adherence occurs, the ability of tumor cells to invade and lyse the surrounding tissue (stroma) is highly dependent on surrounding biological barriers, which in turn are crucial for the prevention of further spread. Cabourne recently described the use of human peritoneal tissue samples for studying the role of the peritoneum in preventing gastric tumor cell dissemination in the abdominal cavity [26]. The authors described the importance of certain matrix metalloproteases in the process of tumor adhesion to the peritoneal surface, but the peritoneal tissue could only be kept viable in culture for 3-4 days. In the present study viable cells were present on the peritoneal surface after several weeks in culture. We cannot fully explain the reason for the differences in viability and total time in culture between Cabourne's experiments and those in the present study, but there were differences in the way peritoneal tissue was handled. For example, Cabourne used non-buffered sodium chloride as transport medium from the operation theatre to the laboratory [26], whereas buffered culture medium at normal pH was used in the present study. This difference in handling may be of limited significance but should be noted.
Proteomic study of mesothelial and endothelial cross-talk: key lessons
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2022
Juan Manuel Sacnun, Rebecca Herzog, Klaus Kratochwill
Mesothelial cells (MCs) represent the uppermost cell layer lining the peritoneum, pleura, and pericardium, thus the ones exposed to luminal fluids such as peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids, intraperitoneal chemotherapeutic agents, and ascites. MCs are derived from the mesoderm presenting both epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. They form a monolayer, the mesothelium, serving as lubricated protective barrier for intraperitoneal and thoracic organs [1–3]. However, the mesothelium has a wide range of functions including cytokine production, transport, inflammation mediation, and coagulation [4–16]. In research focusing on (non-mesothelioma) mesothelium, different cells are used ranging from immortalized human pleural (MeT-5A) and peritoneal (HMRSV5) cell lines to primary MC isolated from omentum, effluent, pericardial, or pleural tissue from humans or animals.
miR-15a-5p suppresses peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis via targeting VEGF in rats
Published in Renal Failure, 2020
Qianxin He, Lu Wen, Luyao Wang, Ya Zhang, Wei Yu, Fanliang Zhang, Weifeng Zhang, Jing Xiao, Xuejun Wen, Zhanzheng Zhao
Our previous experiments showed that the reduced expression of miR-15a-5p in peritoneal mesothelial cells could up-regulate the expression of VEGF [24]. In our animal experiment, the expression of miR-15a-5p was reduced and the expression of VEGF was increased in the PD group compared with the control group (*p < 0.05, Figure 1(B)). HE and Masson staining showed that the peritoneum was thicker and the deposition of subcutaneous collagen fibers was significantly increased in PD rats (Figure 2(A)). Compared with normal rats, the peritoneal tissues of PD rats showed increased expression of collagen IV, fibronectin and α-SMA and decreased expression of E-cadherin by western blotting. This was related to mesothelial cell injury and thickening of the mesothelial subcutaneous layer. Expression of VEGF, which is reported to be closely related to neovascularization, was also significantly increased (Figure 2(B)). The results of immunohistochemistry were consistent with those of western blot (Figure 3). This indicated that long-term PD could lead to PF.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Abdominopelvic Cavity
- Epithelium
- Mesoderm
- Peritoneum
- Simple Squamous Epithelium
- Pleural Cavity
- Lung
- Membrane
- Body Cavity
- Pulmonary Pleurae