Test Paper 5
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike in Get Through, 2017
A 22-year-old man with a rapidly enlarging painful right maxilla showed an opacified right maxillary antrum on plain radiograph with destruction of the lateral wall. Axial CT showed extensive new bone formation on both sides of the anterolateral wall of the maxillary antrum with sun ray spiculations anteriorly. What is the diagnosis? Ewing’s sarcomaSynovial sarcomaAntral carcinomaMyelomaOsteogenic sarcoma
Head and neck cancer
Pat Price, Karol Sikora in Treatment of Cancer, 2014
Surgical treatment remains the preferred option for the management of both early and locally advanced maxillary antrum carcinomas. A radical maxillectomy is usually the minimum required. If there has been orbital invasion, more extensive surgery, possibly including orbital exenteration, may be necessary. The removal of the hard palate provides good access to the sinus cavity and facilitates drainage during post-operative radiotherapy. In the longer term, a dental plate and obturator will be required to permit eating and speaking. The management of these patients is complicated and involves many disciplines; rehabilitation is critical to a successful functional result. Approximately 70%–90% of tumours are T3 or T4 at presentation. Radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is mainly employed in combination with surgical treatment as the post-operative adjuvant therapy for such advanced cases.
The Crucial Role of Craniofacial Growth on Airway, Sleep, and the Temporomandibular Joint
Aruna Bakhru in Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
These disorders are grouped together because of the intimate relationship between the nose and paranasal sinuses (maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoid sinuses) as these sinuses communicate with the nasal passages through the small ostia. When the ostia become blocked due to inflammation or obstruction (anatomic variation, tumors), fluid and bacteria accumulate, leading to signs and symptoms of sinusitis. Patients frequently would experience nasal discharge, nasal purulence, postnasal drip, facial pressure and pain, alteration in sense of smell, cough, fever, halitosis, fatigue, dental pain, otalgia, and headache. Often patients describe their facial pain problem as a “sinus headache.” However, sinus disorders do not cause chronic headaches, and the clinician should look for a more specific etiology for pain symptoms in such cases (Tepper 2004). Diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses typically cause acute pain associated with multiple other symptoms that are generally related to the specific nasal or sinus disease (i.e., allergic, inflammatory, infections). Acute dentoalveolar pathology of the maxillary posterior teeth (dental abscess) often has signs and symptoms consistent with sinus disease. This process can cause secondary maxillary sinus inflammation or infection. These are typically acute in nature, but can become chronic. This condition is often confused with other facial pain and headache disorders. Palpation of the maxillary sinuses for tenderness, Valsalva Maneuver, and bending forward are helpful diagnostic methods of detecting pain from sinusitis.
The spectrum of orbital dermoid cysts and their surgical management
Published in Orbit, 2020
Jasmina Bajric, Gerald J. Harris
Although the goal of primary surgery is complete excision of all epidermal and dermal elements, some patients will present with clinical recurrence following incomplete excision. For recurrent intraorbital lesions, this adds the complicating factor of a thin, friable cyst wall intimately scarred to normal orbital structures. Aggressive, complete removal of the recurrent lining may lead to postoperative functional deficits. Although less than ideal, in selected cases surgical fistulization or marsupialization may be a viable option. As in the congenital dermoid sinus tract variant, a fistula to the skin surface is undesirable because of chronic discharge, visible scarring, and the risk of deep orbital infection. Depending on the recurrent cyst’s relationship to the orbital floor, the cavity can be fistulized into the maxillary sinus (Figure. 9A-C).
The Endoscopic Transnasal Approach to Orbital Tumors: A Review
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2021
Edith R. Reshef, Benjamin S. Bleier, Suzanne K. Freitag
The orbital surgeon should be familiar with the pertinent anatomy of the sinonasal cavity. The superior aspect of the nasal cavity has been separated from the orbit by the adjacent anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses, which drain to the middle and superior meatus, respectively, and by the lamina papyracea, derived from the ethmoid bone to form a large portion of the medial wall of the orbit. The anterior and posterior ethmoids are divided by the basal lamella of the middle turbinate. The sphenoid sinuses lie posterior to the nasal cavity, communicating via the sphenoethmoidal recess. The basal lamella of the superior turbinate separates the sphenoid ostia from the posterior ethmoid sinuses. Inferior to the orbit and lateral to the nasal cavity lies the maxillary sinus, which drains to the middle meatus via the maxillary ostium (Figure 1).
Specific imaging findings in the course of sinus fungus ball progression to chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2023
Tomotaka Hemmi, Kazuhiro Nomura, Mika Watanabe, Yuki Numano, Risako Kakuta, Mitsuru Sugawara
Thirteen days after the patient’s visit to our department, transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery was performed under general anesthesia. Endoscopic modified medial maxillectomy helped reach the lesion and secure the surgical field [6]. The maxillary sinus was filled with a gray, clay-like material compatible with a fungus ball, and Aspergillus fumigatus was detected in cultivation survey (Figure 3(a)). There was no evidence of allergic mucin, suggestive of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. When all of the material was removed, granulation formation was seen at the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus (Figure 3(b)). The mucosa of the maxillary sinus aside from that at the posterior wall was pale, thickened edematous mucosa, as commonly seen in SFBs. Granulation tissue was excised as much as possible and submitted for a rapid histological examination, the results of which showed fungal mucosal infiltration but no malignant findings (Figure 4). The maxillary sinus was opened into the middle and inferior meatus.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Alveolar Process
- Cartilage
- Maxilla
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Zygomatic Bone
- Nasal Cavity
- Antrum
- Nasal Meatus
- Semilunar Hiatus
- Uncinate Process of Ethmoid Bone