Head and Neck
Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno in Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology, 2018
The inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3) (Plate 3.15; described in detail in Section 3.3.1.5). Its course takes it through the three foramina/canals: first the mandibular foramen, then the mandibular canal, where it sends branches to the mandibular teeth, and finally the mental foramen where it becomes the mental nerve. The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve that runs in the mylohyoid groove. Another branch is the lingual nerve, which is joined by the chorda tympani before entering the oral region. Other branches of the mandibular nerve that lie in the temporal region are the buccal nerve and the auriculotemporal nerve (which supplies the dura mater), also described in Section 3.3.1.5.
Lesion localization
Michael Y. Wang, Andrea L. Strayer, Odette A. Harris, Cathy M. Rosenberg, Praveen V. Mummaneni in Handbook of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Spinal Medicine for Nurses and Advanced Practice Health Professionals, 2017
Discussion: The tumor completely encases the trigeminal nerve on the right. There are three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V1), the maxillary nerve (V2), and the mandibular nerve (V3). The ophthalmic and maxillary nerves are purely sensory, and the mandibular nerve has sensory and motor functions (Leston, 2009). Trigeminal neuralgia is a very distinctive pain syndrome. The typical form of the disorder causes extreme, sporadic, sudden burning or shock-like facial pain in the areas of the face where the branches of the nerve are distributed. This includes the lips, eyes, nose, scalp, forehead, and upper and lower jaw. The pain episodes last from a few seconds to a few minutes. Triggers can include a light breeze or touch to the affected side of the face, talking, chewing, brushing teeth, or swallowing (Zakrzewska and Linskey, 2014). The masseter and temporal muscle weakness, loss of facial sensation, and absent corneal reflex are all indicative of right-side trigeminal nerve dysfunction (Hobdell et al., 2004).
Endocrine Surgery
Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh in Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
What are the clinical manifestations of nerve complications?Marginal mandibular nerve: Paralysis of depressor anguli oris (not orbicularis ori)Difficulty controlling salivaBiting mucosal surfaces when chewingHypoglossal nerve: Deviation of tongue to affected sideEventual fasciculation and wastingLingual nerve: Paraesthesia/loss of taste on affected sideUsually a partial injury; if problematic – divide the nerve
The Prevalence of Trigeminal Neuralgia in Turkey: A Population-Based Study
Published in Neurological Research, 2020
Cem Bölük, Ülkü Türk Börü, Mustafa Taşdemir
In an older Italian cohort, consisting of patients aged 55–94 years old, a very high TN prevalence, 1600/100,000, was demonstrated. Six of nine total cases were women aged 75 or older and there was a total sample size of only 574 participants [10]. Mueller et al. conducted a population-based study of adults aged 18–65 in Essen, Germany via phone interviews combined with face-to-face screening. They recorded a lifetime prevalence of 300/100,000 in 10 out of 3336 participants. This high result is explained by a low phone interview response rate (56%). The female/male ratio in this study was 2.3. Similar to our study, isolated maxillary branch involvement was seen in 20% of patients, and combined maxillary and mandibular nerve involvement was seen in 40% of patients. The mean age of the patients was 59 years [11].
Effects of pre-emptive analgesia on efficacy of buccal infiltration during pulpotomy of mandibular primary molars: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
Reham Abou El Fadl, Mai Gowely, Muhammad Helmi, Maram Obeid
Regional blockade of the inferior alveolar nerve has been considered the local anaesthesia technique of choice for performing mandibular dental procedures [3]. Though depth and profundity of anaesthesia have been the primary advantage of this technique [4], yet it is still known to be associated with several disadvantages especially among children. Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is perceived as the most painful injection technique [5] and inducing a successful mandibular nerve block involves a degree of difficulty as a child has to open the mouth widely while administering the anaesthetic agent to allow the clinician to locate the position of the foramen which varies according to age [6]. Moreover, the prolonged duration of soft tissue anaesthesia [7] may result in self-induced trauma when a child bites the anesthetized lip, tongue and/or inner surface of the cheek [8].
Efficacy and safety of injectable deoxycholic acid for submental fat reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Karin Soares Cunha, Flávia Lima, Roberta Marques Cardoso
One important AE associated with DOC injections is the marginal mandibular nerve injury typically presented as an asymmetrical smile. It occurred in 24 cases (1,3%) of DOC-treated participants in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Its occurrence possibly resulted from injections administered too deeply into the platysma muscle or too close to the marginal mandibular nerve [20]. Although most cases were classified by the authors as mild or moderate, and all of them resolved without sequelae, its occurrence highlights the importance of the clinician training and understanding of the submental anatomy [10,20]. Moreover, some cases of skin ulceration occurred in two studies [3,10]. It is usually caused by improper injection of DOC superficially into the skin, and reinforces the need for a correct technique, with the injection of DOC midway into the SMF to avoid the dermis [10]. The use of cannulas would also probably reduce the risk of skin ulceration.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Mandible
- Maxillary Nerve
- Neuroanatomy
- Ophthalmic Nerve
- Trigeminal Nerve
- Tongue
- Cranial Nerves
- Afferent Nerve Fiber
- Efferent Nerve Fiber
- Lip