General surgery
Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan in Essential Notes for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2021
The inguinal canal extends from the deep inguinal ring (midpoint of the inguinal ligament) to the superficial ring (at the pubic tubercle). The boundaries include: Anterior wall: external oblique aponeurosis + fi bres of internal oblique laterallyRoof: fi bres of internal obliqueFloor: inguinal ligamentPosterior wall: fascia transversalis + conjoint tendon medially The contents of the inguinal canal include the spermatic cord + ilio-inguinal nerve.
Abdomen
David Heylings, Stephen Carmichael, Samuel Leinster, Janak Saada, Bari M. Logan, Ralph T. Hutchings in McMinn’s Concise Human Anatomy, 2017
When operating on the inguinal canal to repair a hernia it is important for the surgeon to understand the relevant anatomy. Identify which wall is being described if it is composed of medially the conjoint tendon and transversalis fascia throughout.Anterior wall.Roof.Posterior wall.Floor.Lateral wall.
The Stomach (ST)
Narda G. Robinson in Interactive Medical Acupuncture Anatomy, 2016
Genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2): Provides afferent and efferent limbs of the cremasteric reflex. The ilioinguinal nerve (L1) helps with the afferent aspect. The genitofemoral nerve emerges on the ventral aspect of the psoas major muscle. It divides into a femoral branch and a genital branch. The femoral branch supplies the skin over the femoral triangle. In males, the genital branch travels through the inguinal canal, accompanying the spermatic cord. It then supplies the skin of the scrotum and the cremaster muscle. In females, the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve provides cutaneous sensation to the mons pubis and labia majora.
New mutation causing androgen insensitivity syndrome – a case report and review of literature
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2019
Marzena Maciejewska-Jeske, Patrycja Rojewska-Madziala, Karolina Broda, Karolina Drabek, Anna Szeliga, Adam Czyzyk, Stanislaw Malinger, Anna Kostrzak, Agnieszka Podfigurna, Gregory Bala, Blazej Meczekalski, Agnieszka Malcher, Maciej Kurpisz
A pelvic MRI was performed to investigate the apparent lack of internal female genital organs. The absence of an uterus and ovaries was confirmed, while an adequately developed distal vagina was also noted. MRI did not reveal any additional pathology or masses within the pelvis. An ultrasound of the inguinal canals was then performed and revealed the presence of two oval homogenously echogenic structures bilaterally below the superficial inguinal rings (right 37 × 15 × 26 mm, left 28 × 14 × 19 mm). A follow-up contrast enhanced pelvic MRI was explicitly performed to visualize the inguinal canals. Two homogenous contrast-enhancing solid mass lesions were confirmed bilaterally in the distal canals (right 26 × 13 mm, left 25 × 15 mm). It was determined that these lesions most likely corresponded to undescended testes.
Long-standing groin pain in an elite athlete: usefulness of ultrasound in differential diagnosis and patient education – a case report
Published in European Journal of Physiotherapy, 2018
Kingsley S. R. Dhinakar, Anjanette Cantoria Lacaste
There are four defined clinical entities for groin pain described in Doha agreement. Adductor-related groin pain presents with adductor tenderness and pain on resisted adduction testing. Iliopsoas tenderness, pain on resisted hip flexion and/or pain on stretching the hip flexors are noted in iliopsoas-related groin pain. Inguinal-related groin pain presents with pain and tenderness in the inguinal canal, aggravated by resistance testing of abdominal muscles or on valsalva/cough/sneeze and with no palpable inguinal hernia. Tenderness of the pubic symphysis and adjacent bone with no particular resistance or provocation test are associated with pubic-related groin pain. Although DOHA agreement has defined clinical entities for groin pain, the exact physical examination was not being discussed and more than one clinical entity can be presented and instrumental diagnosis is not mandatory. Instrumental diagnosis can be often helpful as differential diagnosis needs multifactorial cause elimination. In addition, exploring the role of imaging in the prediction of treatment response or prognosis in those with groin pain is encouraged during the Doha agreement [5]. This information will enable better understanding of the clinical relevance and aid in diagnosis. There is consensus in the literature that groin pain and conjoint tendon laxity or loading variation are effectively diagnosed using ultrasound examination [13,14].
A rare enzymatic defect, true isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency leading to endocrine disorders and infertility: case report
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
Jamileh Afsar, Ali Kachuei, Mahin Hashemipour, Amir Larki-Harchegani, Somayeh Shabib
In the pelvic ultrasonography, the uterus and ovaries did not appear in their anatomical location but a region with tissue similar to a testis (11*18 mm) was seen in the right inguinal area. The pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated oval soft tissue (15*10 mm) in the superior part of the left inguinal canal and oval tissue with 19*11 mm in size in the middle of the right inguinal canal that was suggestive for testes. The pituitary gland was normal. There was no evidence of uterus and ovary in the pelvic cavity (Figure 1).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Abdominal Wall
- Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
- Inguinal Ligament
- Pubic Symphysis
- Pubic Tubercle
- Spermatic Cord
- Round Ligament of Uterus
- Transversalis Fascia
- Inferior Epigastric Vessels
- Internal Spermatic Fascia