Neck
Harold Ellis, Adrian Kendal Dixon, Bari M. Logan, David J. Bowden in Human Sectional Anatomy, 2017
This section gives a useful appreciation of the inferior alveolar nerve and its accompanying vessels within the mandibular canal (11). An inferior alveolar nerve block, performed by injecting local anaesthetic at a point immediately medial to the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible and approximately 1 cm above the occlusal surface of the third molar tooth, will provide anaesthesia of all the teeth in that hemi-mandible as far as, and including, the first incisor. The skin and mucosa of the lower lip will also become numb (the mental branch of the nerve), and there is loss of sensation over the side of the tongue due to involvement of the adjacent, anteriorly placed, lingual nerve (see Axial Section 13, page 36). Note also the vertebral artery in its second part, together with its accompanying vein, within the foramen transversarium (37). The further course of this artery, in its third and fourth parts, can be seen in Axial section 3.
Dental
Dave Maudgil, Anthony Watkinson in The Essential Guide to the New FRCR Part 2A and Radiology Boards, 2017
Are the following statements regarding the jaw true or false? The inferior alveolar nerve exits the mandible via the mandibular foramen.The temporalis muscle is innervated by the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve.Computed tomography (CT) scan is indicated to assess the alveolar process anatomy before placement of dental implants.Mandibular fractures tend to be orientated perpendicular to the long axis of the roots of the teeth.Taste fibres from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are carried in the chorda tympani nerve.
The Anatomical Location of the Mandibular Canal: Its Relationship to the Sagittal Ramus Osteotomy
Niall MH McLeod, Peter A Brennan in 50 Landmark Papers every Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon Should Know, 2020
Inferior alveolar nerve injury occurs in 31–37% of patients following a sagittal split osteotomy and may be associated with medial retraction of the soft tissues medial to the ramus, the buccal cortical cut, the splitting of the bone, or fixation.6–9 Yoshida et al. and Yamamoto et al. found that neurosensory disturbance was associated with the proximity of the nerve to the lateral cortex.10,11 For this reason, understanding of the position of the nerve when making the surgical cuts and splitting the mandible is important. Modifications in instrumentation and technique have been proposed to reduce the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injury, but to date there is no robust evidence supporting one technique over another.12
Oral mucosa grafting in periorbital reconstruction
Published in Orbit, 2018
Sensory innervation is delivered by the mental nerve, a terminal branch of the inferior alveolar nerve arising from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CNV3). The mental nerve leaves the mandible via the mental foramen located between the first and second premolar teeth.74,75 The harvesting surgeon must be aware of the risk of lower lip paraesthesia due to the close proximity of the labial mucosa graft harvest site to the mental foramen. The initial incision should be placed medial to the middle of the canines to avoid mental nerve injury. In addition, the surgeon should keep at least a 1–1.5 cm margin away from the lip vermillion to prevent lip contracture and inversion from post-operative scarring.79 Moreover, injury to the orbicularis oris muscle may limit mobility of the lips and impair smiling. Damage to the masticatory mucosa may predispose to periodontal defects if the labial mucosal graft is harvested outside the vestibule vertically near the teeth.74
Effect of intraosseous injection versus inferior alveolar nerve block as primary pulpal anaesthesia of mandibular posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Alireza Farhad, Hamid Razavian, Maryam Shafiee
Achieving efficient pulpal anaesthesia is the first step for a successful endodontic treatment. Inadequate depth of anaesthesia prolongs the treatment time and creates stress in both clinician and patient. It can lower the quality of treatment and decrease patient cooperation as well. Thus, clinicians must adopt the most efficient method to achieve adequate depth of anaesthesia [1]. Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is commonly performed to anesthetize the mandibular teeth [2]. However, the success of this technique is unpredictable particularly in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis [3]. The success rate of IANB in anesthetizing teeth with irreversible pulpitis has been reported to be 19–56% [4–8]. To overcome this problem, supplemental anaesthetic techniques including the periodontal ligament, intraosseous (IO), intrapulpal and sub-mylohyoid injections are recommended [9].
Ameloblastoma: clinical presentation, multidisciplinary management and outcome
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2021
Abelardo Medina, Ignacio Velasco Martinez, Benjamin McIntyre, Ravi Chandran
All our patients had preoperative panoramic dental radiograph (OPT), CT scan of head and neck and incisional biopsy. Of note, definitive surgeries were typically done within a month after the initial evaluation. For the histopathological examination, we used the WHO classification that describes four different variants: solid/multicystic, unicystic, desmoplastic and extraosseous/peripheral [13]. The two more prominent tumor dimensions in the preoperative CT scans were used to establish their sizes. In addition, to design the surgical reconstruction, tumor locations were categorized into central (lesion between canines), lateral (tumor affecting the mandibular body, angle and/or ramus), central-lateral (lesion located in central and lateral regions), hemimandible (extensive tumor on one half of the mandible) and bilateral (extensive tumor affecting both sides of the mandible) [14]. We also requested computed tomography angiogram (CTA) in cases where vascularized bone grafts such as fibula free flap (FFF) and scapula tip-free flap (STFF) were considered to reconstruct the secondary defects. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) sessions were carried out to quantify the magnitude of the resection (including additional safety margins) and design the features of the bony structure and internal fixation required for the reconstructive procedure. When possible, we also revised the surgical strategies for inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) grafting and intraoperative placement of dental implants.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Mandibular Foramen
- Mandibular Nerve
- Mental Foramen
- Sensory Nerve
- Trigeminal Nerve
- Mental Nerve
- Mylohyoid Nerve
- Mandibular Canal
- Sensory Nervous System
- Inferior Dental Plexus