Soft-Tissue Repair for Proximal and Middle Third Problems
Armstrong Milton B. in Lower extremity Trauma, 2006
The flexor digitorum longus muscle originates on the posterior surface of the tibia and inserts on the base of the distal phalanges of the second, third, fourth, and fifth toes. It functions to flex the distal phalanges and is expendable if the muscle insertion is not divided and the flexor digitorum brevis muscle is left intact. The muscle is approximately 5 X 40 cm2 and is located medial to the tibia and between the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles. This small pure muscle flap has limited applications for coverage of the middle and lower third of the leg.
Venous malformation as source of a tarsal tunnel syndrome: treat the source or the cause of the complaints? A case report
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2018
H. Mufty, G. A. Matricali, S. Thomis
On physical examination, we have a normal weight patient (body mass index of 23.37). The presence of varicosis veins was seen on the right medial lower limb and foot (Figure 1). This was accompanied by discrete edema of the foot. No other skin changes were present. His lower extremities were well perfused with bilateral normal pulses. Clinical examination did not show sensory or motor deficits. However, a positive Tinel’s sign, evoking a needle sensation by slightly tapping the tibial nerve path, was noted. Venous duplex revealed a sufficient vena saphena magna bilateral without evidence of deep vein thrombosis. The varicosis veins in the right lower limb were partially thrombosed. New LMWH was administered and compressive stockings class two were prescribed. After two weeks, a positive evolution was noticed. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, which illustrated an extensive venous malformation in the whole right lower limb. The largest component was seen anteromedian subcutaneously with a deeper connection towards the fibular artery and posterior tibial artery. There were both a muscular component, with ingrowth in the posterior tibial muscle, flexor hallucis longus muscle and flexor digitorum longus muscle, and osseous component with ingrowth in the tibial diaphyse.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Ankle
- Flexor Digitorum Brevis Muscle
- Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle
- Tibialis Posterior Muscle
- Calcaneus
- Leg
- Tarsal Tunnel
- Deltoid Ligament
- Quadratus Plantae Muscle
- Interphalangeal Joints of The Foot