Fundamental Concepts in the Diagnosis of Low Back Pain
Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole in Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
The erector spinae muscle group is named anatomically from lateral to medial: iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. Muscle strain is a common presenting problem when dealing with low back pain. (Remember, muscles strain; ligaments sprain.) It often occurs with overexertion by the patient involved in sports, incorrect posture the patient assumes when lifting heavy objects, or through repetitive movements either with extension alone or through a combination of extension and rotation as is involved in snow shoveling.
The Skin and Muscles of the Back
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause in Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Identify and separate the three longitudinally oriented columns of the erector spinae muscle: the spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis. Then, to expose the deeper musculature, remove a block of the erector spinae muscles several inches long from the lower thoracic and upper lumbar region and attempt to identify the transversospinalis musculature. The transversospinalis muscles include the semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores.
Trunk Muscles
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo in Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Stevenson et al. (2014) describe a cadaver with a severe case of congenital scoliosis. The erector spinae muscles were severely atrophied on the left side and many parts were replaced by tendinous insertions. Erector spinae on the right side was comprised of typical fleshy muscle fibers but the tendons of iliocostalis inserted in a radial manner due to the abnormal thoracolumbar curvature (Stevenson et al. 2014).
Analgesic effect of adding calcitonin to bupivacaine in erector spine plane block for breast surgery, a double blind randomised study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Mona Gad Mostafa Elebieby, Mohammed Nashaat Mohammd, Khaled Abdelwahab, Emadeldeen Hamed, Zenat Eldadamony Mohamed Eldadamony
ESPB was conducted under perfect aseptic circumstances after induction of anaesthesia and 15 min before skin incision using a 100-mm 21 G needle guided by a US probe (linear) with a frequency of 6–13 MHz in either group (Siemens, CA, 94043, USA). Chin et al. demonstrated that ESPB was carried out unilaterally, on the same side of surgery, with the patients in a lateral decubitus position [14]. The block was performed using a sagittal approach, and the probe was positioned 2–3 cm laterally to the spine at the T5 level of the spine. As the transverse processes and the muscle (erector spinae) were located, the needle was advanced deeply into the muscle. Group B served as the control group, receiving 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine +2 mL of saline whereas group BC received the study solution (20 mL of bupivacaine 0.25% plus 50 IU of calcitonin in 2 mL of saline). The block performance between the transverse process and the erector spinae muscle were given to both groups, and LA was distributed both cranially and caudally.
Association of gross motor function and activities of daily living with muscle mass of the trunk and lower extremity muscles, range of motion, and spasticity in children and adults with cerebral palsy
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2023
Mitsuhiro Masaki, Honoka Isobe, Yuki Uchikawa, Mami Okamoto, Yoshie Chiyoda, Yuki Katsuhara, Kunio Mino, Kaori Aoyama, Tatsuya Nishi, Yasushi Ando
Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the lying and rolling domain of the GMFM declined with decreased thoracic erector spinae muscle thickness and declined spinal alignment, likely because the lying and rolling domain includes items such as forward reaching motion of the upper extremities and pivot turns on elbow support in the prone position, which require trunk extension or lateral flexion movements. The thoracic erector spinae muscle is assumed to contribute to trunk extension movement and lateral postural control of the trunk on the coronal plane because that muscle performs both trunk extension and lateral flexion.31 Previous studies5,11,12 did not examine the association between lying and rolling and the masses of the trunk and lower extremity muscles. Therefore, this study is the first to clarify this association in children and adults with CP. Furthermore, lying and rolling were likely associated with declined spinal alignment because the trunk rotation movement required for rolling motion is difficult due to scoliosis (i.e., excessive trunk lateral flexion) in children and adults with CP.
Effect of seat tilting on biomechanics of L4 in tractor drivers
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Yang Yang, Jian Qi, Jinghui Liu, Yaping Wang, Liangyuan Xu, Yizhuo Zhang, Liqing Cheng
The results of the simulation and experimental comparison of the left erector spinae muscle are shown in Figure 4a, and the Pearson coefficient between the experimental and measured values was 0.922 (P < 0.05). The results of the simulation and experimental comparison of the right erector spinae muscle are shown in Figure 4b, and the Pearson coefficient between the experimental and measured values was 0.916 (P < 0.05). The Pearson coefficient around 0.9 indicates a good correlation between the experimental and measured values, and P < 0.5 indicates a significant correlation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the tractor driver biomechanical model can simulate the effect of actual tractor tilt operation on the driver's lumbar force (Li et al. 2015; Barba et al. 2021).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Back
- Muscle
- Tendon
- Skeletal Muscle
- Gluteus Maximus
- Gluteus Medius
- Gluteus Minimus
- Physical Therapy
- Sitting
- Sacrum