The abdomen
Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse in Browse’s Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease, 2014
The physical characteristics of faeces are as follows: The masses lie in that part of the abdomen occupied by the colon – the flanks and across the lower part of the epigastrium (Fig. 15.26).They feel firm or hard but are indentable. This means that they can be dented by firm pressure with the fingers, and this dent persists after releasing the pressure.There may be multiple separate masses in the line of the colon, but in gross cases the faeces coalesce to form one vast mass that is easy to mistake for a tumour.When there is no mechanical obstruction, rectal examination confirms a rectum full of very hard faeces, but if there is a blockage in the lower colon, the rectum will be empty.
Bhringraj
H.S. Puri in Rasayana, 2002
Tewari (personal communication, 1979) tried 10 g of whole plant powder three times a day on 35 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and 25 patients with peptic ulcer dyspepsia for 3 months. A complete symptomatic relief in epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting was seen. There was a reduction in flatulence and the amount of free gastric acid. Eighty per cent of the patients of non-ulcer dyspepsia responded well, with relief in acid secretion, nocturnal pain, nausea and vomiting. In 48 per cent of patients with duodenal ulcer the results were excellent while in 75 per cent of cases there was radiological improvement. Raut et al. (1986) tried the herb for ulcers and peptic ulcers. Das (1992) studied the effect of the herb on gastritis by administering 12 g of pulverized herb daily, in three divided doses, for 45 days. In 52 per cent of cases of gastritis the results were excellent. In hyperchlorhydria there was total relief.
Gastroenterology and hepatology
Fazal-I-Akbar Danish in Essential Lists of Differential Diagnoses for MRCP with diagnostic hints, 2017
Epigastric pain:1 Gastric causes (gastritis; peptic ulcer; worm infestation; ca. stomach).2 Gallbladder and liver causes (cholecystitis; hepatitis).3 Pancreatic causes (acute/chronic pancreatitis; ca. pancreas).4 Oesophageal causes (oesophagitis).5 Thoracic causes (MI; basal pleuritis; basal pneumonia).6 Uncommonly, d/t small bowel infarction, ruptured or dissecting AAA.
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 in patient with severe allergic asthma treated with omalizumab
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2018
Anna Rams, Marek Żółciński, Weronika Zastrzeżyńska, Stanisław Polański, Agnieszka Serafin, Joanna Wilańska, Jacek Musiał, Stanisława Bazan-Socha
A 45-year-old female with chronic urticaria, epilepsy, long-standing history of severe allergic asthma, treated with omalizumab for 26 months, was admitted urgently to the Department of Allergy and Immunology in Krakow, Poland with complaints of abdominal pain, vomiting, joint pain, and weakness. Her symptoms had intensified over the last 4 weeks and were accompanied with diarrhea and unintended weight loss of 4 kg. On admission she was afebrile with sinus tachycardia (100/minute), hypotension (80/50 mmHg), and tachypnoe (20/minute). There were no skin lesions, but hyperpigmentation over the face and limbs was noticed. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen and middle epigastrium. Initial laboratory tests revealed mild leucopenia (3920/µl), hypoglycemia (3.5 mmol/l), and signs of impaired kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate by MDRD equation-26 ml/minute/1.73 m2). Potassium level was in the upper limit of normal values (5.0 mmol/l), while sodium and magnesium concentration fell below the reference range (134.0 mmol/l and 46 mmol/l, respectively). Serum, liver, and pancreatic enzymes, as well as inflammatory markers were within normal limits. Blood and urine cultures were negative.
Gastric dysmotility and gastrointestinal symptoms in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2023
Elisabeth K. Steinsvik, Trygve Hausken, Øystein Fluge, Olav Mella, Odd Helge Gilja
The patient met in the morning in a fasting condition, and was examined in a seated position, leaning slightly backwards. After reporting upper gastrointestinal symptoms on a visual analogue scale (0–100 mm), the patient ingested 500 mL commercial meat soup (‘Toro klar kjøttsuppe’, Orkla Foods, Bergen, Norway, containing 84 kJ, 1.8 g protein, 1.1 g carbohydrate, 0.9 g bovine fat, per 100 g of soup). A cross-sectional antral area was obtained by scanning the epigastrium in a sagittal section, using the left liver lobe, the aorta and the superior mesenteric vein as anatomical landmarks (Figure 2). The antral area was measured in a fasting state and 1, 10 and 20 min postprandially. The proximal stomach was studied at 1, 10 and 20 min postprandially in 2 sections: an oblique frontal diameter (‘Proximal diameter’) and the area was measured in a sagittal section (‘Proximal area’). Normal values have been published previously [16]. At the same time as each ultrasound measurement, the patient’s symptoms were registered on a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0–100 mm. We measured nausea, epigastric pain, fullness/bloating, satiety, and upper abdominal discomfort in a fasting state as well as at 1, 10 and 20 min postprandially.
Ectopic leiomyoma as a late complication of laparoscopic hysterectomy with power morcellation: a case report and review of the literature
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Karel Dewulf, Valerie Weyns, Bart Lelie, Hussain Qasim, Joke Meersschaert, Bart Devos
A 49-year-old woman presented at the outpatient clinic with episodes of epigastric pain. She had a blank medical history and a surgical history of an appendectomy, tonsillectomy and a laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy for benign disease. The epigastric pain was present since three days with associated nausea and normal bowel habits. The pain was not related to her menstrual cycle. Clinical examination showed epigastric tenderness without rebound tenderness or palpable masses. Blood tests, including inflammatory markers and liver function tests, were normal. Abdominal ultrasound showed cholecystolithiasis and a mass of 45 mm anterior to the stomach, tender on palpation. A CT scan of the abdomen revealed a nodular, contrast-enhancing mass with sharp margins in the greater omentum of 4 × 5 cm (Figure 1(A,B)). Inside the mass, a focus of contrast hypocaptation resided (Figure 1(B)). Moreover, a contrast-enhancing nodule of 11 mm was observed at the right side of the cervix uteri and a cystic mass of 35 mm was seen in the left ovary.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Anatomy
- Breathing
- Foregut
- Hypochondrium
- Abdomen
- Liver
- Rectus Abdominis Muscle
- Costal Margin
- Subcostal Plane
- Thoracic Diaphragm