Muscles, Blood Vessels, and Craniofacial Growth: Some Experimental Approaches
D. Dixon Andrew, A.N. Hoyte David, Ronning Olli in Fundamentals of Craniofacial Growth, 2017
Differing effects on the coronoid process of the mandible following operation should be also noted in this connection. Various authors have observed that temporalis resection results in complete reduction, a decrease in size or even to no changes whatsoever to the coronoid process. These observations need not be contradictory, if the experimental conditions are analyzed. Sarnat et al. (1977) have shown in a detailed study on Maccaca mulatta monkeys that resection of the motor root of the trigeminal nerve led to no changes of the coronoid process, even though the temporalis was obviously atrophied. Electromyographic studies showed that, during the post-operative interval, which amounted to a year before euthanasia, possible anastomoses of motor units persisted which were able to maintain the formative stimulus on the bone.
Head and Neck Muscles
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo in Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
The presentation of the temporalis may be affected by congenital malformations and cephalic disorders. Temporalis can be underdeveloped in cases of hemifacial microsomia (e.g., Takashima et al. 2003). Mieden (1982) describes two male fetuses with cyclopia and alobar holoprosencephaly. In one specimen, the muscles of mastication were absent on the right side and temporalis and masseter were small on the left side. In an otocephalic fetus examined by Lawrence and Bersu (1984), the mandible was represented by two separate bony masses located within the middle ear cavities. Due to this anomaly, temporalis and masseter fused at the midline into a muscle mass that formed the floor of the oral cavity. Temporalis also sent fibers to the bony masses that represented the coronoid process of each mandible. In a fetus with craniorachischisis, Alghamdi et al. (2017) found that temporalis was absent on the right side and was represented by undifferentiated muscle tissue between the eye and the ear on the left side.
Sharp Force Trauma with Subsequent Fire Alteration: A Complicated Case Study
Heather M. Garvin, Natalie R. Langley in Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2019
The third process signature (burned bone fracture biomechanics) was evaluated by the observation of the hands and fractures of the skull. The fractures observed on the dorsal metacarpals were consistent with canoeing in which the cortical bone is compromised. These fractures were associated with fire modification. Conversely, the linear fractures observed on the right frontal (see Figure 16.5A [blue arrows] and 16.5B [white arrow]), fracture of the left coronoid process of the mandible (see Figure 16.4C), and fracture of the left sphenoid region (see Figure 16.4C) are consistent with wet bone perimortem fractures and are located in areas outside of the heat alteration. In addition, sharp force impacts were observed on the unaltered, endocranial surface of the right front and parietal bones (see Figure 16.5C).
Biomechanical analysis of mandibular defect reconstruction based on a new base-fixation system
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Haipo Cui, Liping Gao, Jing Han, Jiannan Liu
The mandible of a healthy volunteer was scanned using a GE Medical Systems Revolution CT machine. The scanned data were imported into the Mimics 21.0 3D reconstruction software for reconstruction of the initial mandible model. Excluding the mandible, other tissues of the head were removed using the “Threshold,” “Split mask,” and “Edit mask,” operations; furthermore, the cortical bone and cancellous bone were distinguished based on the Hounsfield Unit values (cortical bone: 662–1988 and cancellous bone: 148–661). The model was then imported into Geomagic Wrap 2017, a reverse engineering software, for surface refinement processing to obtain the 3D reconstruction model of the mandible. The fibular model was generated in the same manner. The mandibular and fibular models were imported into Geomagic Design X. The bottom of the right half and the coronoid process of the mandible were removed via Boolean operations to obtain the mandibular defect model.
Efficacy of immediate physiotherapy after surgical release of zygomatico-coronoid ankylosis in a young child: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Krzysztof Dowgierd, Anna Lipowicz, Małgorzata Kulesa-Mrowiecka, Wojciech Wolański, Paweł Linek, Andrzej Myśliwiec
At the age of 19 months, surgery was performed from an internal access. After cutting the mucosa of the oral vestibule on the ankylosis side, the jawbone was accessed, and then the coronoid process of the mandible was exposed, together with the zygomatic bone shaft. The main cause for the restriction of joint mobility was determined during the detailed intraoperative analysis of the surgical field. Fusion of the coronoid process with the zygomatic arch was found. An osteotomy was performed to remove the bone fusion between the zygomatic bone shaft and coronoid process of the mandible. This procedure allowed for obtaining a correct opening without the need to introduce interpositional material. Intraoperative the surgeon was able to passively open the jaw up to 30 mm.
The effectiveness of Kinesio taping on nutritive sucking in premature infants admitted to the NICU: a randomized clinical trial
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2023
Azadeh Abedinzadeh, Arash Malakian, Ehsan Naderifar, Debra Beckman, Mohammad Jafar Shaterzadeh Yazdi, Maryam Dastoorpoor, Negin Moradi
Facilitative kinesiotape was the KT technique utilized in this investigation for the KT group. Since an infant's skin is soft and sensitive, we set the upper limit at 12-14% pulling force (Chen et al., 2008). To avoid damage to the sticky layer, time was provided for the alcohol to evaporate after cleaning the skin over the orbicularis oris and masseter muscles using cotton wool soaked in alcohol. Sports Tex Tape was used for taping and manufactured by the #1 leading kinesiology tape manufacturer in Korea. Sports Tex Tapes are latex free, hypoallergenic, and water resistant. High quality cotton fabric makes the tape breathable and comfortable to wear. The length and height of each bandage were determined by measuring the distance between the mouth corners and the philtrum to below the lower lip with a tape measure to facilitate the orbicularis oris muscle. The elastic bandage was then cut into a rectangle using these measurements and the middle was cut with a scalpel. The tape was then attached to the mouth corners in a circular shape with pulling force of about 12-14% in accordance with the anatomy of the orbicularis oris muscle. Lip closure is facilitated with this method as shrinking direction facilitates closure. The masseter muscle was facilitated by the ‘Y’ tape stretched from the lower border of the zygomatic arch and elongated to the coronoid process of the mandible bone under 12-14% pulling force over the masseter muscle (Figure 2). The application was performed in the same way for all infants in the KT group. Parents and staff were instructed to avoid unintentional bandage removal and to refrain from putting the tape back on when it fell off spontaneously, but to wait until the speech therapist applied it. At the same time, infants in the KT group received an oral stimulation program. Taping lasted 6 days and the tape was changed every two days (Lin, Wu, Chang, Lin, & Chou, 2016). Due to its great sensitivity and importance, an oral stimulation program was performed for each infant for 10 consecutive days, as suggested by previous studies. If the infants in the KT group had not yet accessed oral feeding after finishing the taping period, the oral stimulation program was continued to complete the 10-day period. The oral stimulation program utilized in the study was a shortened Fucile prefeeding oral stimulation program performed by a trained therapist once a day for 5 min. The facial and oral structures are stimulated in one-third of the specified time and frequency according to the instructions (Appendix A). Infants in the OS group received an oral stimulation program only as a control group. Hands were washed with soap and water before performing the taping and stimulation. For oral stimulation, the researcher used latex gloves.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Buccinator Muscle
- Mandible
- Masseter Muscle
- Surgery
- Temporalis Muscle
- Zygomatic Arch
- Bone Fracture
- Trismus
- Mandibular Notch
- Conservative Management