Mechanical Stress and Bone Remodeling
Wilson Harvey, Alan Bennett in Prostaglandins in Bone Resorption, 2020
Since the end of the last century when J. Wolff postulated that bone remodels in such a way that it attains maximum resistance to applied forces, a large body of evidence has established the link between mechanical loading and elevated rates of remodeling. The basis of orthodontic tooth movement is simple, that teeth move through bone in a response to an applied mechanical force. This involves bone remodeling. Although the resistance of cementum to resorption is not directly relevant to prostaglandins (PGs), it is an intriguing phenomenon, and like the normal resistance of cartilage to vascularization and osteoclastic resorption, it could tells a lot about the regulation of resorption. The involvement of PGs in orthodontic tooth movement was first suggested by Z. Davidovitch and J. L. Shanfeld as a possible explanation of the changes in cyclic nucleotides they had observed.
Plants Used in Dental Treatment
Stephen P. Teo in Medicinal Plants of Borneo, 2021
Dental caries is the term used for tooth decay or cavities. It is caused by specific types of bacteria which produce acids through the conversion of sugar and carbohydrates. The acids destroy the tooth's enamel, dentine and cementum by dissolving minerals in the hard enamel that covers the tooth's crown resulting in pits which get larger over time. Palaquium gutta or gutta-percha tree is a medium-sized to tall tree from the family Sapotaceae found in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia and Indonesia. Gutta-percha was initially used as an insulator for cables including the trans-Atlantic cable and also for items like the golf ball. In the past, they were also used as splints for holding fractured joints and as handles of forceps, catheters, and so forth as well as to control hemorrhage in extracted socket wounds. Gutta-percha is a trans-isomer of polymer of isoprene or polyisopropene.
THE STUDY OF DNA FROM SKELETAL REMAINS
Simon Mays in The Archaeology of Human Bones, 2010
DNA contains the genetic information which controls the structure, development and metabolism of the body. It is present in all cells (with a few exceptions such as red blood cells), including the osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts of bone, and in the cells in the dentine and cementum of the teeth. DNA is not present in dental enamel as this lacks a cell structure.
Root surface defects in rat molar induced by 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1 -bisphosphonate
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 1996
Cementum surface alterations induced by 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) in the maxillary first molars in rats were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. Single or triple injections of HEBP inhibit the formation of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum and delay the formation of cellular mixed-fiber cementum. The results indicate the importance of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum as a protection barrier against root resorption and the different mechanisms underlying the formation of the two cementum varieties.
Orthodontically induced root resorption in rat molars after 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate injection
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 1996
Idil Alatli, Eva Hellsing, Lars Hammarström
A single injection of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate inhibits the formation of acellular cementum in rat molars. Instead, an atypical hyperplastic cementum is formed. In this study the resistance of this cementum to resorption was tested by applying an orthodontic force. It was found that roots lacking acellular cementum were readily resorbed. The readiness with which the atypical hyperplastic cementum was resorbed without any increase in multinucleated osteoblasts may offer useful opportunities to study the different phases of hard-tissue resorption.
Cementum repair after apicoectomy in humans
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 1973
The purpose of the present study was to study histologically the variance in cementum repair after surgical endodontic therapy. The material consisted of 35 biopsies obtained in the follow-up period after surgical treatment of periapical inflammatory changes or cystic lesions in humans. The biopsies included apex and surrounding periapical tissues. After demineralization the specimens were embedded in paraffin and serial sections were made. In a projection microscope the repair of cementum and periodontal ligaments as well as the presence of periapical inflammation and fibrous scar tissue was assessed by a histometric technique. A statistical analysis of these data revealed that the presence of functional arranged periodontal fibers was associated with deposition of a thick layer of eosinophilic cementum. Contrary in areas with scar tissue, granulation tissue or inflamed connective tissue, cementum repair was very limited and either consisted of a thin layer of basophilic cementum or no cementum deposition at all.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell
- Tooth
- Periodontium
- Alveolar Process