Dental Caries: Resistance Factors — Enamel Chemistry and Saliva
Lars Granath, William D. McHugh in Systematized Prevention of Oral Disease: Theory and Practice, 2019
It is increasingly evident that fluoride exerts a differential degree of caries protection on different surfaces of teeth. Based on epidemiological studies of the beneficial effects of water fluoridation, fluoride imparts the greatest degree of protection to smooth surfaces and much less to pit and fissure surfaces. The protection is also generally greater on buccal and lingual surfaces than mesial and distal surfaces.9,11 Anterior teeth appear to be protected more than posterior teeth. The protective effect of pre-eruptive fluoride is greatly reduced if fluoridation is discontinued subsequently.14 It also seems that the optimal effect of fluoride may depend on an interaction between the built-in fluoride of the enamel and the fluoride in the post-eruptive environment, and that fluoride acquisition may be increased following the development of an early carious lesion because fluoride appears to be preferentially concentrated in the white spot enamel lesion.
Radiographic Applications in Forensic Dental Identification
Michael J. Thali M.D., Mark D. Viner, B. G. Brogdon in Brogdon's Forensic Radiology, 2010
The first category of materials is the most commonly seen materials in the mouth and are termed "fillings" in the sense that a cavity preparation is made via tooth and caries removal followed by filling the preparation with materials which even-tually harden. A silver or "amalgam" filling (Figure 10.12) is made from an amalgamation of silver with several other metals combined with mercury and is one of the most traditional and time-tested restorations used in dentistry. The amalgam may replace one tooth surface or it may include all five. The amalgam will be seen within the tooth radiographically and will be highly radiopaque. The other common filling material is composite resin which contains acrylic with various filler materials including glass ionomers. These restorations are commonly called "composites" and have been used traditionally in the anterior teeth for aesthetic reasons as these materials are made to match the tooth in color and texture. At one time, composites were cured chemically but now are cured by exposing the material to UV light. They will also be seen radiographically within the tooth, but may appear radiolucent in older restorations and slightly radiopaque in newer restorations. Since composites often match the tooth so well, that they are difficult to observe clinically but will fluoresce less that tooth enamel when exposed to a UV light source. A
Catalogue of Etruscan and Roman-era dental appliances
Marshall Joseph Becker, Jean MacIntosh Turfa in The Etruscans and the History of Dentistry, 2017
Description: narrow band to stabilize three teeth. A simple, very narrow gold-band appliance, perhaps 0.2 to 0.3 mm thick, varying from 1.2–1.6 mm wide. It was designed to loop around no more than 3 anterior teeth, probably the 3 central incisors and a lateral incisor. Length as illustrated approx. 20 mm, with a buccal-lingual distance approx. 6 mm. The total length of the gold strip is calculated at 53 mm, after the overlapping ends had been welded. Published information suggests an elongated oval, with a constricted or pinched center that reflects post-interment affects. When in place it may have been ornamental, but may have been intended to stabilize a loose tooth at the center of the band. The tooth crown, from which the root has decayed, may be from the same tomb, even from the owner, but this cannot be confirmed.
Clinical management of fusion in primary mandibular incisors: a systematic literature review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2020
Sara Bernardi, Serena Bianchi, Guglielmo Bernardi, Jörg Philipp Tchorz, Thomas Attin, Elmar Hellwig, Lamprini Karygianni
In literature, there are few reports on the incidence [13] and management [6,8] of primary fused teeth. The reason is due to the temporary nature of the primary teeth which are usually extracted in case of complications, and thus, no evidence of possible treatment modalities has been reported so far. As reported by Guimarães Cabral et al. the assessment of the presence of the double teeth is important in relation to the associated clinical problems such as caries, delay in the exfoliation, impactation of the subsequent permanent teeth, presence of supranumerary teeth, presence of permanent double teeth, aplasya of the correspondent permanent teeth and tooth misalligment, with a predispotion to a future malocclusion [12]. Indeed, the anterior teeth play a key role in the morphological development of the jaws and the facial type [14,15]. Finally, a systematic review was conducted in order to qualitatively summarize the therapeutic management of double teeth in primary incisors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of the treatment options of double anterior teeth in the primary dentition.
Elevating the use of sugar-free chewing gum in Germany: cost saving and caries prevention
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Stefan Zimmer, Anna Spyra, Fabian Kreimendahl, Cornelia Blaich, Reinhard Rychlik
By applying these conditions, the transitional probabilities can be solved using MS Excel Solver. As a next step, separate distributions for both one molar and one anterior tooth need to be defined so that the combination of both distributions equals the overall model. Since the human permanent dentition consists of 16 posterior teeth (without third molars) and 12 anterior teeth, relative weights of 16/28 for posterior and 12/28 for anterior teeth for each distribution are the result. On the basis of clinical experience, one out of the six remaining teeth at the age of 74 is a molar and five are anterior teeth. Transitional probabilities for posterior and anterior teeth can be calculated separately, on the basis of the described considerations so that the combined and weighted distribution of probabilities corresponds to the overall model. Transitional probabilities from one tooth state to another may vary depending on age of teeth or other parameters.
Comparison of conventional methods of simultaneous intrusion and retraction of maxillary anterior: a finite element analysis
Published in Journal of Orthodontics, 2018
Sachin Ahuja, Seema Gupta, Eenal Bhambri, Varun Ahuja, Baljinder Singh Jaura
On comparing both the models in terms of initial displacement in x, y and z axes, the three-piece intrusion arch displayed bodily tooth movement of incisors with more intrusion compared to the K-SIR arch, where tipping movement of the anterior teeth was noticed. To achieve optimum tooth movement, the application of forces should be through centre of resistance (CR) of the segment to be moved. In the case of three-piece intrusion arch, the force vector was applied close to the CR for the four anterior teeth (Melson et al. 1990) resulting in controlled tooth movement. In the K-SIR arch, the force vector was distal to the CR of 6 anterior teeth (Jeong et al. 2009) and expression of retractive component of force was more during the initial tooth displacement, resulting in clockwise moments and palatal tipping of incisors. Both modalities showed signs of anchorage loss under the influence of reactionary forces on the molars.