The Articulations of the Lower Member
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause in Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
The acetabulum, the socket of the hip joint, consists of… an articular cavity with a hyaline cartilage covered lunate surface, the bony rim of which is thickened by overlying cartilage to form the acetabular labrum. The bony rim has a deep acetabular notch in it, inferiorly. The part of the labrum which passes across the notch, the transverse acetabular ligament, converts the notch into an acetabular foramen.a non-articular, rough-surfaced acetabular fossa, occupied by fat, blood vessels and the ligament of the head of the femur.
Injuries of the pelvis
Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse in Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
Acetabular fractures occur when the femoral head is driven into the acetabulum. It is the direction of the force (i.e. the position of the leg at impact) that determines the fracture pattern. Displaced fractures result in hip joint incongruency; this will lead to osteoarthritis. Acetabular fractures may occur in conjunction with pelvic ring fractures, or in isolation. These fractures were studied by Emile Letournel in the 1950s. He developed the specialized imaging (Judet views), the classification, and the ilioinguinal approach for surgical fixation. The acetabulum is thought of an inverted Y shape (Figure 29.20), linked to the sacroiliac joint by the sciatic buttress. The longer part of the ‘Y’ is the anterior column, propped up with the aid of the shorter part, the posterior column.
The Second Half of the Nineteenth Century
Arturo Castiglioni in A History of Medicine, 2019
italy has contributed illustrious figures to orthopedic surgery. F. rizzoli (1809-80), of Bologna, one of the first to recognize the need for the systematic study of diseases of the motor apparatus, founded the institute that now bears his name, from which have come many valuable studies. A. paci (1845-1902), of Pisa, was the first to propose the “bloodless” (i.e., non-operative) reduction of congenital dislocation of the hip, later popularized by Lorenz, who realized the need for prolonged immobilization in the “frog position” if the dislocation was bilateral. Other notable figures were P. panzeri, who recommended the forced straightening of knock-knee, and margari and poggi, pioneers in the operative treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. The latter especially inaugurated the modern treatment of the condition by emphasizing the need for deepening the acetabulum, the socket that receives the head of the femur. An outstanding figure in modern orthopedics was Alessandro Codivilla (1861-1912), of Bologna, who made important contributions to many aspects of this discipline, establishing the prime importance of a good stump for prosthesis rather than the site of the amputation, the method of tendon transplantation including the tendon sheath in order to prevent adhesions, lengthening tendons to relieve contractures, operative treatment of infantile paralysis, operative treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip of long duration, traction on bones with the use of inserted nails to lengthen the shortening by disease, etc.
Development of acetabular anteversion in children with normal hips and those with developmental dysplasia of the hip: a cross-sectional study using magnetic resonance imaging
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2021
Wei Lu, Lianyong Li, Lijun Zhang, Qiwei Li, Enbo Wang
The acetabulum is a ball and socket joint consisting of the anterior pubis, superior ilium, and posterior ischium. In a normal newborn, the acetabulum is a cartilage complex composed of acetabular cartilage and Y-shaped cartilage, and the development of the acetabulum is mainly characterized by endochondral ossification after birth. Li et al. (2016) measured the OAA and CAA of 180 children with normal hips in different age groups from 6 months to 16 years by using MRI, and found that OAA and CAA were both relatively constant among the different age groups. They speculated that this may be due to the compressive stress of the femoral head on the acetabulum being uniform in the normal hip joint, which tends to balance the growth of the ilium, ischia, and pubis, thereby keeping the acetabulum in a stable axial opening direction. Our study results differed from those of Li et al., which may be due to the difference in the age grouping method used or the small sample size of age subgroups in the study by Li et al.
The influence of musculoskeletal forces on the growth of the prenatal cortex in the ilium: a finite element study
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2020
Peter J. Watson, Michael J. Fagan, Catherine A. Dobson
Muscle forces were applied as distributed loads over their attachment areas and were defined in according to the muscle representation of the MSM as described above (i.e., broad origins were modelled in more than one section). The hip joint reaction force was distributed uniformly in a radial direction over the nodes of the acetabulum. The area of articulation within the SIJ was extruded medially by a thickness of 1.3 mm (the average thickness of the SIJ cartilage measured at 20 locations through the structure) and meshed with 60,371 10-noded tetrahedral elements, and defined with the material properties of cortical bone. Ten nodes around the circumference of the medial surface of the extruded area were constrained in all DOF to enable the hemi-pelvis to rotate about the extrusion, thus simulating pelvic rotation about the SIJ.
Isometric hip strength impairments in patients with hip dysplasia are improved but not normalized 1 year after periacetabular osteotomy: a cohort study of 82 patients
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2021
Julie Sandell Jacobsen, Stig Storgaard Jakobsen, Kjeld Søballe, Per Hölmich, Kristian Thorborg
After baseline examination, all patients underwent the minimally invasive approach for PAO performed by SSJ and KS (Jacobsen et al. 2019). The surgical procedure has been described previously (Troelsen et al. 2008). However, in short, the acetabulum was reoriented through 3 separate osteotomies aiming to improve the coverage of the femoral head. Post-surgery, the patients received in-hospital standardized rehabilitation including active range-of-motion exercises in lying and standing, and stair and gait training with crutches. The patients were discharged after approximately 2 days. For the first 6–8 weeks, the patients were allowed only partial weight-bearing with a maximum load of 30 kg. After discharge, the patients followed individualized physiotherapy-led rehabilitation for 2–4 months, including 2 weekly training sessions in groups.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Hyaline Cartilage
- Ischium
- Femoral Head
- Pelvis
- Synovial Fluid
- Ilium
- Pubis
- Acetabular Labrum
- Acetabular Notch
- Glenoid Fossa