Additional Pre-operative Considerations and Techniques
Jeff Garner, Dominic Slade in Manual of Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction, 2020
The abdominopelvic cavity is a semi-rigid space, and abdominal wall compliance is affected by the presence of an incisional hernia. In midline ventral hernias, disruption of the linea alba results in unopposed contraction of the lateral abdominal wall muscles; furthermore there are histological changes in these muscles which account for their increased stiffness and altered compliance.28 While the anterolateral abdominal muscles and diaphragm can undergo a degree of reshaping and stretching to accommodate increased intra-abdominal volume, this is not infinite.29 After hernia surgery, there is a decrease in total respiratory system compliance, which is predominantly due to a decreased chest wall compliance in turn leading to increased work of breathing and oxygen requirements.30 Sudden increases in intra-abdominal pressure, as can occur when reducing the contents of a large hernia, can overwhelm these compensatory mechanisms, resulting in intra-abdominal hypertension and respiratory failure.30
Introduction
Shayne C. Gad in Toxicology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 2018
The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane of the body; it consists of a layer of simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium) with an underlying supporting layer of connective tissue. The peritoneum is divided into the parietal peritoneum, which lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity, and the visceral peritoneum, which covers some of the organs in the cavity and is their serosa. The slim space between the parietal and visceral portions of the peritoneum is called the peritoneal cavity, which contains serous fluid. In certain diseases, the peritoneal cavity may become distended by the accumulation of several liters of fluid, a condition called ascites. As we will see, some organs lie on the posterior abdominal wall and are covered by peritoneum only on their anterior surfaces. Such organs, including the kidneys and pancreas, are said to be retroperitoneal.
Introduction
Paul Ong, Rachel Skittrall in Gastrointestinal Nursing, 2017
The serosa is the outermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract (Figure 1.4). It consists of a thin layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. The serosa refers to a layer of peritoneum that covers the digestive organs inside the abdominopelvic cavity. The peritoneum is divided into the Parietal layer which lines the abdominopelvic cavity walls.Visceral layer which covers the surface of the organs within the peritoneal cavity. It is equivalent to the serosa.
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor: from state of the art to future clinical prospects
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2023
Shushan Hovsepyan, Claudia Giani, Sandro Pasquali, Angela Di Giannatale, Stefano Chiaravalli, Chiara Colombo, Daniel Orbach, Luca Bergamaschi, Sabina Vennarini, Susanne Andrea Gatz, Patrizia Gasparini, Pablo Berlanga, Michela Casanova, Andrea Ferrari
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare and highly aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that generally affects male adolescents and young adults. Its incidence is approximately 0.2 cases per million people [1,2]. When first described by Gerald and Rosai in 1989 [3], DSRCT mainly presents with multiple nodules disseminated within the abdominopelvic cavity and arising from peritoneal surfaces. Its clinical presentation is typically related to an abdominal mass, and patients are usually diagnosed already in advanced stages of the disease: at diagnosis, patients with DSRCT have synchronous peritoneal metastases in more than 90% of cases, and synchronous extraperitoneal metastases in around 50% of cases, mostly to the liver, lung, and bones [4–6]. DSRCT is associated with a chromosomal translocation t(11;22) (p13; q12) that leads to the EWSR1:WT1 fusion gene [7,8].
The effect of new cross linked hyaluronan gel on quality of life of patients after deep infiltrating endometriosis surgery: a randomized controlled pilot study
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021
Murat Ekin, Cihan Kaya, Şakir Volkan Erdoğan, Ece Bahçeci, Sema Baghaki, Levent Yaşar
One of the significant postoperative concerns is the high recurrence rate of the symptoms due to de novo pelvic adhesions that are associated with endometriosis-related pain (Al-Jabri and Tulandi 2011). Immunohistochemical analyses also confirmed that there were nerve fibres in the adhesions that had been removed from patients with pelvic pain (Hammoud et al. 2004). Administrating solid or liquid physical barriers is believed to be a promising strategy to reduce postoperative adhesions and to separate peritoneal injuries from each other (Ahmad et al. 2008). Ideal barriers should be absorbable, safe, deliverable by either laparotomy or laparoscopic approaches, and broadly efficacious to reduce both de novo and reformed adhesions in the abdominopelvic cavity (Chen and Abatangelo 1999).
Angiography and transcatheter arterial embolization for non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Hai-Yang Lai, Ke-Tong Wu, Yang Liu, Zhao-Fei Zeng, Bo Zhang
Iatrogenic condition was not a rare reason for gastrointestinal bleeding, such as rupture of anastomotic arterioles after surgery. The incidence of postoperative anastomotic hemorrhage varies from 0.4% to 4% [40]. Although endoscopic examination is the first choice for early postoperative anastomotic bleeding, upper endoscopy, and colonoscopy seem to increase the risk of anastomotic disruption and subsequent leakage at the early postoperative stage [41,42]. Due to anastomotic mucosal ischemia and edema, and severe abdominopelvic cavity adhesions, reoperation might be more complex and difficult. In this study, the primary clinical success rate of TAE for iatrogenic condition was 88.9% (8/9). Therefore, TAE should be recommended as the first option for iatrogenic bleeding.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Gastrointestinal Tract
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Abdominal Cavity
- Pelvic Cavity
- Liver
- Stomach
- Gallbladder
- Body Cavity
- Kidney